Confidant of magical antiquity,
Friend of playful and sad fictions,
I knew you in the days of my spring,
In the days of initial joys and dreams;
I've been waiting for you. In the evening silence
You were a cheerful old lady
And she sat above me in the shushun
With big glasses and a frisky rattle.
You, rocking the baby's cradle,
My young ears were captivated by the melodies
And between the shrouds she left a pipe,
Which she herself fascinated.

A.S. Pushkin

Arina Rodionovna lived with Pushkin in Mikhailovskoye, sharing his exile with the poet. At that time, Pushkin became especially close to his nanny, listened to her fairy tales with pleasure, and recorded folk songs from her words. He used the plots and motives of what he heard in his work. According to the poet, Arina Rodionovna was “the original of Nanny Tatyana” from “Eugene Onegin,” Dubrovsky’s nanny. It is generally accepted that Arina is also the prototype of Ksenia’s mother in “Boris Godunov”, the princess’s mother (“Rusalka”), female images novel "Arap of Peter the Great".

Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.

You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.

You look through the forgotten gates
On a black distant path;
Longing, premonitions, worries
They squeeze your chest all the time.

It seems to you...
(1826, unfinished. First published 1855)

In November 1824, Pushkin wrote to his brother: “Do you know my activities? Before lunch I write notes, I have lunch late; after lunch I ride horseback, in the evening I listen to fairy tales - and thereby compensate for the shortcomings of my damned upbringing. What a delight these fairy tales are! Each one is a poem! ". It is known that from the words of his nanny, Pushkin wrote down seven fairy tales, ten songs and several folk expressions, although he heard more from her, of course. Sayings, proverbs, sayings did not leave her tongue. The nanny knew a lot of fairy tales and conveyed them in a special way. It was from her that Pushkin first heard about the hut on chicken legs and the fairy tale about the dead princess and the seven heroes.

Pushkin last saw his nanny in Mikhailovskoye on September 14, 1827, nine months before her death. Arina Rodionovna - “a good friend of my poor youth” - died at the age of 70, after a short illness, on July 29, 1828 in St. Petersburg, in the house of Olga Pavlishcheva (Pushkina). For a long time, the exact date of the nanny’s death and the place of her burial were unknown.
In cemeteries, the graves of non-noble persons, especially serfs, were not given due attention. The nanny's grave, left unattended, soon became lost.
Only in 1940, as a result of painstaking searches in the archives, did they learn that the nanny’s funeral was held in the Vladimir Church. In the registry book of this church they found an entry dated July 31, 1828, No. 73: “5th class official Sergei Pushkin serf woman Irina Rodionova 76 old age priest Alexei Narbekov.” It also turned out that she was buried in the Smolensk cemetery.

In the June Pushkin Days of 1977, a memorial plaque was unveiled at the Smolensk Orthodox Cemetery. At the entrance to the cemetery, in a special niche on marble, there is an inscription carved:

Arina Rodionovna, A.S.’s nanny, is buried in this cemetery. Pushkin (1758-1828)
"Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!"

The warm name of Arina Rodionovna is familiar to everyone from a young age. Knowing what role she played in the life of the great Russian poet, it is impossible to read the poem “Nanny” by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin without emotion. Each of his lines is imbued with warmth, gratitude and gentle sadness.

The poem was written by the poet in 1826, in St. Petersburg. By this time, Pushkin had returned from Mikhailovsky, where he was sent in 1824 after another clash with his superiors. In September, the poet “reconciled” with Nicholas I, who promised him his patronage even though Pushkin did not hide from him his sympathy for the Decembrists.

The text of Pushkin’s poem “Nanny” is divided into 4 parts. First, the poet turns in a friendly manner to his nurse, who was with him not only throughout his childhood, but also during his two-year exile in Mikhailovskoye. My address “decrepit dove” could be called familiar, but Pushkin, firstly, loves very much, and secondly, respects his nanny immensely. She is not only a nurse for him, she is a friend of harsh days, much closer spiritually than his mother.

In the third part of the poem, which is currently being taught in a literature lesson in the 5th grade, Alexander Sergeevich mentally returns to his father’s house. The image of a wise and kind nanny endlessly touches him. In his mind's eye, Pushkin sees Arina Rodionovna grieving in front of the window of her little room and waiting and waiting for the master, for whom she is very worried, intensely peering into the distance. With the last lines, the poet emphasizes that he cannot often visit Mikhailovsky and visit his nurse. He has grown up, he has a different life, different concerns and aspirations.

This lyric work is quite easy to learn. His text is soft, smooth, and quickly memorable.

From childhood, little Sasha - the future great Russian poet A.S. Pushkin - was brought up under the supervision of his nanny Arina Rodionovna. Parents devoted little time to raising their children, placing all worries on the shoulders of a simple peasant woman. It was the nanny who looked after Sashenka, walked with him, told him stories, sang lullabies, putting him to bed. Thanks to her sayings and legends, Sasha became acquainted with folk art, which subsequently had a huge influence on his works. It was to her that he dedicated lines of charm and gratitude in his poems.

Full text of the poem to Pushkin's Nanny

Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.
You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.
You look through the forgotten gates
On a black distant path;
Longing, premonitions, worries
They squeeze your chest all the time.
It seems to you. . .

(A.S. Pushkin “Nanny” 1826)

Arina Rodionovna was born in 1758 in big family serfs raising seven children. She had to experience a hungry, joyless childhood, poverty peasant life. The girl asked to look after the children of her owners. She was taken as a nanny to the Pushkin family for their daughter Olga. After Sasha's birth, she begins to look after both children. She placed all her worries, all the affection and love of a simple peasant heart on the altar of raising children. The nanny is constantly with the children, accompanies them on trips from Mikhailovsky to St. Petersburg, where they spend every winter.

Arina became very attached to the boy and loved him with all her heart. She gave all the tenderness, warmth and generosity to her “angel,” which could not but evoke a reciprocal feeling of gratitude. The nanny became everything for the future poet: a friend, a guardian angel, a muse. Alexander Sergeevich confided his thoughts and dreams to her, shared secrets, sought consolation from her. Everything that he could not get from his parents, he found from his “mother”.

After entering the service, meetings between the matured Alexander and his nanny became rare; the young man could not often visit Mikhailovskoye. Only in 1824, Alexander Sergeevich, having arrived at the estate as an exile, again fell into caring, gentle hands. In the fall of 1824, in his letters to his brother, he shared his impressions of folk songs, fairy tales, and sayings, which the cheerful, kind storyteller-nanny generously gave him. He admits that they make up for the omissions of “his damned upbringing.” “What a delight these fairy tales are! Each one is a poem!” – the poet exclaims with admiration.

Pushkin also shows her special warmth and reverent respect. “Friend of my harsh days, my decrepit Dove!” Behind this slight irony in addressing the nanny lies immense gratitude for the trials we have experienced together and quiet sadness.

Full voiced verse “Nanny”

Subsequently, he lovingly and tenderly reproduces her image in his works: nanny Tatiana in “Eugene Onegin” and Dubrovsky in the story of the same name; prototypes of mother Ksenia from “Boris Godunov” and the princess from “Rusalka”. He does not hide the fact that he was prompted to paint these images by the devotion and wisdom of his nurse, the gentle nanny Arina.

Last time Pushkin saw his nanny in the fall of 1827, but did not really have time to communicate. Summer of 1828 his “mother” was gone. Shocked by the death of his nanny, he admits that he has lost his most reliable, fair and tested friend. Alexander treated her with respect and a feeling of immense gratitude.

Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.
You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.
You look through the forgotten gates
On the black distant path:
Longing, premonitions, worries
They squeeze your chest all the time.
It seems to you...

Analysis of the poem “Nanny” by Pushkin

Thanks to the great poet, the name of a simple peasant woman, Arina Rodionovna, became famous and even a household name. She was the first teacher of the young poet, introduced him to amazing world national legends and tales. Thanks to his nanny, Pushkin for the first time felt all the charm and living power of the Russian folk language, its richness and diversity. Study in Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum and the subsequent stormy life alienated the poet from his first teacher. He could only visit her occasionally. The poet's link in the village. Mikhailovskoye, which lasted about two years, again allowed Pushkin to constantly communicate with Arina Rodionovna. He trusted her with his most cherished dreams and poetic intentions. In 1826, the poet created the poem “Nanny,” dedicated to the woman most devoted to him.

Pushkin treated Arina Rodionovna not only as a teacher, he felt respectful love and respect for her. From the first lines, he addresses the nanny with the words “friend” and “dove.” This is not just familiarity with the peasant woman, this is how the poet expresses the tenderness of his feelings. There were many people in Pushkin’s life who radically changed their attitude towards him after the tsar’s disgrace. Arina Rodionovna was one of the few who remained faithful to the poet to the end. In the wilderness of the village, she faithfully waited for her beloved pupil.

Tired of the endless ridicule of high society and the persecution of censorship, Pushkin could always turn in his memories to the image of his beloved old woman. He imagines her sitting by the window, always knitting. Vague “longing” and “premonitions” are associated with worries about the fate of the poet, who forever remained a little boy for her.

Pushkin noted that exile to Mikhailovskoye became for him not only a punishment, but also a break from the noisy bustle of the city. Modest village life became a fresh source of inspiration for the poet. Arina Rodionovna played an important role in this. Pushkin spent all his evenings in her company, returning to his childhood. The poet recalled that it was only thanks to his nanny that he was never bored.

The poem creates the feeling of the beginning of some kind of fairy tale or legend. The image of a nanny sitting by the window was exactly repeated by Pushkin later in.

The work remained unfinished. It suddenly ends with the words “it seems to you...”. One can only guess what the poet wanted to say next. There is no doubt that further lines would be imbued with the same tender and bright feeling.