Questions about the story The Stone Flower. Product test p.p.

P.P. Bazhov is a unique writer. After all, fame came to him at the end of his life, at the age of sixty. His collection “Malachite Box” dates back to 1939. Pavel Petrovich Bazhov received recognition from his unique author’s treatment of Ural tales. This article is an attempt to write for one of them summary. “The Stone Flower” is a tale about growing up and professional development phenomenal master of gem processing Danila.

The uniqueness of Bazhov's writing style

Pavel Bazhov, creating this masterpiece, seemed to unravel folklore of the Urals, having thoroughly studied it, and woven it anew, combining in it the harmony of masterful literary presentation and the originality of the colorful dialects of the amazing region - stone belt, encircling Russia.

The harmonious structure of the tale is emphasized by its brief content - “The Stone Flower” is perfectly composed by the author. There is nothing superfluous in it that artificially delays the flow of the plot. But at the same time, the primordial dialect of the people inhabiting this land is surprisingly fully felt in it. The author's language of presentation by Pavel Petrovich is his creative discovery. How is the melodiousness and uniqueness of Bazhov’s writing style achieved? Firstly, most often he uses dialecticisms in the diminutive form (“boy”, “little one”, “old man”). Secondly, he uses purely Ural word-formation dialectisms in his speech (“finger-from”, “here-de”). Thirdly, the writer does not skimp on the use of proverbs and sayings.

Shepherd - Danilka Nedokomysh

In this article, dedicated to the most iconic Bazhov tale, we offer readers a brief summary of it. “Stone Flower” introduces us to the best in the business of processing malachite, the elderly master Prokopich, who is looking for his successor. One by one he sends back the boys sent to him by the master “to study,” until a twelve-year-old, “tall in the legs,” curly-haired, thin, blue-eyed “little boy” Danilka Nedokormish appears. He did not have the ability to become a palace servant; he could not “hover like a vine” around his master. But he could “stand for a day” at the painting, but he was a “slow mover.” He was capable of creativity, as evidenced by the summary. “The Stone Flower” tells that while working as a shepherd, the teenager “learned to play the horn very well!” In its melody one could discern the sound of a stream and the voices of birds...

Cruel punishment. Treatment at Vikhorikha

Yes, one day he didn’t keep track of the little cows while playing. He grazed them “at Yelnichnaya,” where there was “the most wolfish place,” and several cows were missing. As punishment, the master's executioner whipped him, brutalized by Danilka's silence under the lashes, until he lost consciousness, and his grandmother Vikhorikha left him. The kind grandmother knew all the herbs, and if she had had Danilushka longer, he might have become a herbalist, and Bazhov P.P. would have written differently. "Stone Flower"

The plot begins precisely during the story of the old woman Vikhorikha. In her monologue one can see the author's fiction of the original Ural writer. And she tells Danila that in addition to open flowering plants, there are also closed, secret, witchcraft ones: a thief’s on Midsummer’s Day, which opens the locks of those who see it, and stone flower, blooming near the malachite rock on the snake festival. And the person who sees the second flower will become unhappy. Obviously then, the dream of seeing this unearthly beauty made of stone overwhelmed the guy.

To study - to Prokopich

The clerk noticed that Danila began to walk around, and although he was still rather weak, he sent him to study with Prokopyich. He looked at the guy, emaciated from illness, and went to the landowner to ask him to take him away. Krut was a Prokopich in his sciences, he could even hit an incompetent student with a good bream for negligence. The masters actually had this in practice back then, and Bazhov P.P. (“Stone Flower”) simply described how it was... But the landowner was unshakable. To teach... Prokopich returned to his workshop with nothing, lo and behold, Danilka was already there and, bent over, without blinking, was examining a piece of malachite that he had begun to process. The master was surprised and asked what he noticed. And Danilka answers him that the cut was made incorrectly: in order to expose unique pattern of this stone, it would be necessary to start processing from the other side... The master became noisy and began to be indignant at the upstart, the “brat”... But this is only externally, but he himself thought: “So, so... You’ll be a good guy, guy...” I woke up The master, in the middle of the night, chipped malachite, where the boy said, “unearthly beauty... He was amazed a lot: “What a big-eyed guy!”

Prokopyich's care for Danilka

The fairy tale “The Stone Flower” tells us that Prokopich fell in love with the poor orphan and mistook him for his son. Its summary tells us that he did not immediately teach him the craft. Nedokormysh was unable to do hard work, and the chemicals used in the “stone craft” could well have undermined his poor health. He gave him time to gain strength, directed him to do housework, fed him, dressed him...

One day, a clerk (they say about such people in Rus' - “nettle seed”) saw Danilka, whom the good master released to the pond. The clerk noticed that the guy had gotten stronger and was wearing new clothes... He had questions... Was the master deceiving him by taking Danilka for his son? What about learning a craft? When will the benefits from his work come? And he and Danilka went to the workshop and began asking sensible questions: about the tool, and about the materials, and about processing. Prokopich was stunned... After all, he didn’t teach the boy at all...

The clerk is surprised at the guy's skill

However, the summary of the story “The Stone Flower” tells us that Danilka answered everything, told everything, showed everything... When the clerk left, Prokopyich, who had previously been speechless, asked Danilka: “How do you know all this?” “I noticed,” the “little guy” answers him. Even tears appeared in the eyes of the touched old man, he thought: “I’ll teach you everything, I won’t hide anything...” However, from then on, the clerk began to give Danilka work on malachite: boxes, all sorts of plaques. Then - carved things: “candlesticks”, “leaves and petals” of all sorts... And when the guy made him a snake from malachite, the master’s clerk informed him: “We have a master!”

The master appreciates craftsmen

The master decided to give Danilka an exam. Firstly, he ordered that Prokopich not help him. And he wrote to his clerk: “Give him a workshop with a machine, but I will recognize him as a master if he makes a bowl for me...” Even Prokopich couldn’t do something like that... Have you heard of this... Danilko thought for a long time: where to start. However, the clerk does not calm down, he wants to curry favor with the landowner, - says the very brief summary of “The Stone Flower”. But Danilka did not hide his talent, and he made the cup as if it were alive... The greedy clerk forced Danilka to make three such items. He realized that Danilka could become a “gold mine”, and in the future he was not going to spare him, he would completely torture him with work. But the master turned out to be smart.

Having tested the guy’s skill, he decided to create better conditions for him so that his work would be more interesting. He imposed a small quitrent and returned it to Prokopich (it’s easier to create together). He also sent me a complex drawing of a cunning bowl. And without specifying a time frame, he ordered it to be done (let them think about it for at least five years).

The Master's Path

The fairy tale “The Stone Flower” is unusual and original. A summary of Bazhov's work, in Eastern language, is the path of the master. What is the difference between a master and an artisan? A craftsman sees a drawing and knows how to reproduce it in the material. And the master understands and imagines beauty, and then reproduces it. So Danilka looked critically at that cup: there was a lot of difficulty, but little beauty. He asked the clerk for permission to do it his way. He thought about it, because the master asked for an exact copy... And then he answered Danilka to make two bowls: a copy and his own.

Party for making a bowl for the master

First he made the flower according to the drawing: everything was precise and verified. On this occasion they held a party at home. Danilin's bride, Katya Latemina, came with her parents and stone craftsmen. They look and approve of the cup. If we judge the fairy tale at this stage of its narration, then everything seems to have worked out for Danilka both with her profession and with personal life... However, the summary of the book “The Stone Flower” is not about complacency, but about high professionalism, looking for ever new ways to express talent.

Danilka doesn’t like this kind of work; he wants the leaves and flowers on the bowl to look like they’re alive. With this thought, between work, he disappeared into the fields, looked closely, and, having looked closely, he planned to make his cup like a datura bush. He withered away from such thoughts. And when the guests at the table heard his words about the beauty of the stone, Danilka was interrupted by an old, old grandfather, in the past a mining master who taught Prokopyich. He told Danilka not to fool around, to work simpler, otherwise you might end up as a mining master of the Mistress of the Copper Mountain. They work for her and create things of extraordinary beauty.

When Danilka asked why they, these masters, were special, grandfather replied that they saw a stone flower and understood beauty... These words sank into the guy’s heart.

Datura-bowl

He postponed his marriage because he began to reflect on the second cup, conceived in a manner imitating the datura herb. Loving bride Katerina began to cry...

What is the summary of “The Stone Flower”? Perhaps it lies in the fact that the paths of high creativity are inscrutable. Danilka, for example, drew the motives for his crafts from nature. Wandered through forests and meadows and found what inspired him, went down into copper mine in Gumeshki. And he was looking for a fragment of malachite suitable for making a bowl.

And then one day, when the guy, having carefully studied another stone, stepped aside in disappointment, he heard a voice advising him to look in another place - at Snake Hill. This advice was repeated to the master twice. And when Danila looked back, he saw the transparent, barely noticeable, fleeting outlines of some woman.

The next day the master went there and saw “turned malachite.” It was ideal for this one - its color is darker at the bottom, and the veins in in the right places. He immediately set to work earnestly. He did a wonderful job finishing the bottom of the bowl. The result looked like a natural Datura bush. But when I sharpened the cup of the flower, the cup lost its beauty. Danilushko completely lost sleep here. “How to fix it?” - thinks. Yes, he looked at Katyusha’s tears and decided to get married!

Meeting with the Mistress of the Copper Mountain

They had already planned a wedding - at the end of September, on that day, the snakes were gathering for the winter... Danilko just decided to go to Snake Hill to see the Mistress of the Copper Mountain. Only she could help him overcome the dope bowl. The meeting took place...

This fabulous woman was the first to speak. You know, she respected this master. She asked if the dope cup was out? The guy confirmed. Then she advised him to continue to dare, to create something different. For her part, she promised to help: he would find the stone according to his thoughts.

But Danila began to ask to show him the stone flower. The Mistress of Copper Mountain dissuaded him and explained that, although she does not hold anyone, whoever sees him will return to her. However, the master insisted. And she led him to her stone garden, where the leaves and flowers were all made of stone. She led Danila to a bush where wonderful bells grew.

Then the master asked the Mistress to give him a stone to make such bells, but the woman refused him, saying that she would have done this if Danila himself had invented them... She said this, and the master found himself in the same place - on Snake Hill.

Then Danila went to his fiancee’s party, but was not amused. After seeing Katya home, he returned to Prokopyich. And at night, when the mentor was sleeping, the guy broke his dope cup, spat into the master’s cup, and left. Where - unknown. Some said that he had gone crazy, others that he had gone to the Mistress of the Copper Mountain to work as a mining foreman.

Bazhov’s story “The Stone Flower” ends with this omission. This is not just an understatement, but a kind of “bridge” to the next tale.

Conclusion

Bazhov's tale “The Stone Flower” is a deeply folk work. It glorifies the beauty and richness of the Ural land. With knowledge and love, Bazhov writes about the life of the Urals, their development of the subsoil of their native land. The image of Danila the Master created by the writer has become widely known and symbolic. The story about the Mistress of the Copper Mountain was continued in the author’s further works.

Pavel Petrovich Bazhov is a famous Russian and Soviet writer. He was born in 1879 in the family of a mining foreman. Mines and factories surrounded the future writer since childhood. His youth was associated with the partisan struggle for Soviet power in eastern Kazakhstan (Ust-Kamenogorsk, Semipalatinsk). In the early 1920s, the future writer returned to the Urals, where he began recording local folklore. Bazhov became famous for his stories, the first of which was published in 1936.

The origins of the “Malachite Box”

Pavel Petrovich heard ancient Ural legends from the watchman Vasily Khmelinin. This happened at the end of the 19th century, the future writer was still a teenager. The stories told about mining, the dangers that awaited miners, the beauty of the subsoil and rare stones.

Ancient legends captured the young man’s imagination. Thirty years later, he returned to his native place and began to write down the legends that the old people told. Bazhov created magnificent works based on plot motifs from folklore legends. The writer called them Ural tales. Later they were published as a separate collection called “Malachite Box”.

Main characters

Many children know the fairy tales “The Mistress of the Copper Mountain,” “The Stone Flower,” and “The Mountain Master.” These works are realistic. They describe in detail the life of Ural mining workers. The images of Stepan, Nastasya, Danila the Master, Katya and other characters are developed with deep psychological authenticity. However, there are also fantastic creatures in the stories:

Malachite, or Mistress of the Copper Mountain.
Great Snake.
Blue snake.
Earth cat.
Silver hoof.
Grandma Sinyushka.
Jumping Firefly.

The writer tries to convey not only the authentic life, but also the living speech of his heroes. The prototypes of the characters were people whom Bazhov knew from childhood. Many of them were considered legendary figures of their time. Their names have immortalized folk legends.

Real characters

The prototype of the narrator Ded Slyshko is the watchman Vasily Khmelinin, who introduced the young Bazhov to the Ural legends. The writer knew the former factory worker very well. The watchman punctuated his speech with the word “hear.” Hence the nickname.

The prototype of the gentleman who periodically came to the mines was the famous entrepreneur Alexey Turchaninov, who lived during the times of Empresses Elizabeth Petrovna and Catherine the Great. It was he who came up with the idea of artistic processing of malachite, which Bazhov talks about in his works.

The prototype of Danila was the famous Russian master Zverev. He was a miner - the name given to specialists in the extraction of precious and semi-precious stones. Danila Zverev, like the literary character he inspired, was in poor health. Because of his thinness and short stature, he was called Light. Danila the master Bazhov also has a nickname - Underfed.

Mistress of Copper Mountain

The fantastic characters of Ural fairy tales are no less interesting. One of them is the Mistress of the Copper Mountain. Under the appearance of a beautiful black-haired woman in a green dress with a malachite pattern hides a powerful sorceress. She's a keeper Ural mountains and mines. Malachite helps true professionals and creative people. She freed Stepan from his chains, gave gifts to his fiancée Nastya and daughter Tanyushka, and taught Danila the secrets of mastery.

The Mistress of the Copper Mountain takes care of her charges and protects them from evil people. She turned the cruel clerk Severyan into a block of stone. The powerful sorceress is also shown by the author as an ordinary woman - noble, loving and suffering. She becomes attached to Stepan, but lets him go to his bride.

The Great Snake, Grandma Sinyushka and the Jumping Firefly

Bazhov's "Stone Flower" is filled with fantastic images. One of them is the Great Snake. He is the owner of all the gold in the area. The image of a mighty serpent appears in the myths and tales of many peoples. The daughters of the Great Poloz, Medyanitsa, also appear in Ural tales.

Grandma Sinyushka is a character with many origins. She is a “relative” of Baba Yaga from Slavic folklore. Sinyushka is a character standing on the edge of the real and otherworldly worlds. She appears before the human hero in two guises - as a young beauty and as an old woman in blue clothes. There is a similar character in the legends of the Mansi people, who in ancient times inhabited the Urals. Grandma Sinyushka - important image local folklore. Its appearance is associated with swamp gas, which was observed by miners from afar. The mysterious blue haze awakened the imagination, causing the appearance of a new folklore character.

Bazhov's "Stone Flower" is associated with anthropomorphic fantastic images. One of them is the Jumping Firefly. This character looks like a cheerful little girl. She dances in the place where there are gold deposits. The jumping firefly appears unexpectedly in front of the prospectors. Her dance delights those present. Researchers associate this image with the Golden Baba, the ancient deity of the Mansi.

Silver Hoof, Blue Snake and Earth Cat

In addition to fantastic heroes who have a human appearance, there are also animal characters in Ural fairy tales. For example, Silver Hoof. This is the name of one of Bazhov's fairy tales. The silver hoof is a magical goat. He knocks precious stones out of the ground. He has one silver hoof. With it he hits the ground, from which emeralds and rubies jump out.

“The Stone Flower” by Bazhov is one of the stories in the collection “The Malachite Box”. Parents often read the fairy tale “The Blue Snake” to their children. At its center is a fantastic character who can bestow good man, and punish the villain. The Blue Snake has gold dust on one side and black dust on the other. Where a person ends up, so his life will go. A blue snake with gold dust marks a deposit of precious metal that is close to the surface.

Another fantastic character from Ural fairy tales is the Earthen Cat. It is associated with the ancient Slavic legend about secret treasures. They were guarded by a cat. In Bazhov’s work, this character helps the girl Dunyakha find her way. The cat walks underground. Only her glowing ears are visible to people above the surface. The real prototype of the image is sulfur dioxide emissions. They often take the shape of a triangle. The sparkling sulfur dioxide reminded the miners of cat ears.

Rooted in the native land

Bazhov’s “Stone Flower” is included in the collection “Malachite Box”, published in 1939. This is a story adapted for children's perception. The collection includes best works writer. The heroes of many fairy tales are related. For example, Tanyushka from “The Malachite Box” is the daughter of Stepan and Nastya (the heroes of “The Copper Mountain Mistress”). And the character of “A Fragile Twig” Mityunka is the son of Danila and Katya (“Stone Flower”, “Mining Master”). It is easy to imagine that all the heroes of Ural fairy tales are neighbors living in the same village. However, their prototypes are clearly from different eras.

“Stone Flower” is a unique work. His characters are so colorful that they have more than once become objects of creative reworking. There is beauty and truth in them. Bazhov's heroes are simple, sincere people who maintain connections with their native land. Ural tales contain signs of a specific historical era. This is manifested in the description of household utensils, dishes, as well as methods of stone processing, typical of a particular time. Readers are also attracted by the colorful speech of the characters, sprinkled with characteristic words and affectionate nicknames.

Creativity and beauty

“The Stone Flower” is not only a treasure trove of folk characters and vivid fantastic images. The heroes of Ural fairy tales are generous and noble people. Their aspirations are pure. And for this, as always happens in fairy tales, they receive a reward - wealth, family happiness and the respect of others.

Many of Bazhov’s positive heroes are creative people. They know how to appreciate beauty and strive for perfection. A striking example- Danila is a master. His admiration for the beauty of the stone led to an attempt to create a work of art - a bowl in the shape of a flower. But the master was dissatisfied with his work. After all, it did not contain the miracle of God's creation - a real flower from which the heart skips a beat and strives upward. In search of perfection, Danila went to the Mistress of the Copper Mountain.

P.P. Bazhov talks about this. “The Stone Flower,” a brief summary of which schoolchildren need to know, has become the basis for a creative understanding of work. But Danila is ready to forget his skill, to which he made many sacrifices, for the sake of happiness with his beloved Katya.

An experienced artisan and his young apprentice

The fairy tale “The Stone Flower” begins with a description of the old master Prokopich. An excellent expert in his field, he turned out to be a bad teacher. The boys, whom the clerk brought to Prokopich on the master’s orders, were beaten and punished by the master. But I couldn’t achieve results. Perhaps he didn’t want to. The writer is silent about the reasons for this. Prokopich returned the next student to the clerk. All the boys, according to the old master, turned out to be unable to comprehend the craft.

P. P. Bazhov writes about the intricacies of working with malachite. “Stone Flower,” a brief summary of which is presented in the article, is directly related to the intricacies of stone-cutting work. This craft was considered unhealthy by the people because of the malachite dust.

And so they brought Danilka the Underfed to Prokopich. He was a prominent guy. Tall and good-looking. Yes, just very thin. So they called him the Underfeeder. Danila was an orphan. First they assigned him to the master's chambers. But Danila did not become a servant. He often looked at beautiful things - paintings or jewelry. And it was as if he had not heard the master’s orders. Due to poor health, he did not become a miner.

The hero of Bazhov's tale "The Stone Flower" Danila was distinguished by a strange feature. He could look at some object for a long time, for example, a blade of grass. He also had considerable patience. The clerk noticed this when the guy silently endured the blows of the whip. Therefore, Danilka was sent to study with Prokopich.

Young master and the pursuit of excellence

The boy's talent showed up immediately. The old master became attached to the boy and treated him like a son. Over time, Danila grew stronger, became strong and healthy. Prokopyich taught him everything he could do.

Pavel Bazhov, “The Stone Flower” and its contents are well known in Russia. The turning point in the story comes at the moment when Danila completed his studies and became a real master. He lived in prosperity and peace, but did not feel happy. Everyone wanted to reflect the real beauty of the stone in the product. One day an old malachite man told Danil about a flower that was in the garden of the Mistress of the Copper Mountain. From that time on, the guy had no peace; even the love of his bride Katya did not please him. He really wanted to see the flower.

One day Danila was looking for a suitable stone in a mine. And suddenly the Mistress of the Copper Mountain appeared to him. Her boyfriend began to ask her to show her the wonderful stone flower. She didn’t want to, but she gave in. When Danil saw the beautiful stone trees in the magical garden, he realized that he was unable to create anything like that. The master became sad. And then he left home completely on the eve of the wedding. They couldn't find him.

What happened next?

Bazhov's story “The Stone Flower” ends with an open ending. Nobody knew what happened to the guy. We find the continuation of the story in the story “The Mining Master”. Danilov's bride Katya never got married. She moved into Prokopich’s hut and began to look after the old man. Katya decided to learn a craft so that she could earn money. When the old master died, the girl began to live alone in his house and sell malachite crafts. She found a wonderful stone at the Snake Mine. And there was the entrance to Copper Mountain. And one day she saw Malachite. Katya sensed that Danila was alive. And she demanded to return the groom. It turned out that Danila then ran to the sorceress. He could not live without wonderful beauty. But now Danil asked the Mistress to let him go. The sorceress agreed. Danila and Katya returned to the village and began to live happily ever after.

Moral of the story

Children are very interested in reading Bazhov's tales. “Stone Flower” is a talented work. A powerful force (the Mistress of the Copper Mountain) rewarded the gifted master and his faithful bride. The gossip of their fellow villagers, gossip and malice did not interfere with their happiness. The writer recreated a real folk legend. There is a place in it for good magical power and pure human feelings. The idea of the work is difficult for children to understand. It is difficult for a child to understand why and how beauty can capture the human heart.

But still, every schoolchild should be introduced to such an author as Bazhov. “The Stone Flower” - what does this book teach? The fairy tale has a moral. People who are kind, sincere and true to their ideals, despite their mistakes, will be rewarded. The forces of nature, whom our ancestors humanized in legends, will take care of this. Bazhov is the only famous writer Soviet Russia, who artistically processed Ural legends. They are associated with mines, mines, flammable gases, the hard work of serfs and wonderful jewels that can be extracted directly from the earth.

Danila's obsession

Bazhov writes about this. "Stone Flower" main idea which lies in devotion to family and vocation, talks in simple and understandable language about the great human values. But what about the idea of the destructive power of beauty? Will schoolchildren be able to understand it? Perhaps Danila’s obsessive thoughts about the stone flower are caused by the witchcraft of the Mistress of the Copper Mountain. But dissatisfaction with his own work appeared before meeting the sorceress.

An analysis of Bazhov’s “Stone Flower” does not allow us to answer this question unambiguously. The problem can be interpreted in different ways. Much will depend on the age of the child. It's better to focus on positive qualities main characters. The pedagogical significance of the work is very great. And an intricate plot, intrigue and the “to be continued” technique will help attract the child’s attention.

Ural tales at one time received many positive reviews and positive feedback. “Stone Flower”, Bazhov - these words should be familiar to every schoolchild.

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Lesson 1

Teacher's word. At the beginning of the year we got acquainted with folk tales. But you, of course, know that fairy tales are often written by writers. Many of them create their works based on folk legends, but at the same time they process them, making them more complex and unexpected. Pavel Bazhov became such a storyteller, collecting and processing stories that existed in the Urals.

Pavel Petrovich Bazhov (1879–1950) was born near Yekaterinburg. His ancestors were Ural miners. The parents tried to give their son an education, and he became a folk teacher in a Ural village. Every year during school holidays Bazhov traveled on foot across native land, studied the work of stone cutters, lapidaries, gunsmiths and other Ural craftsmen, recorded tales and legends. The collection of tales “The Malachite Box” began to be created in 1936. Bazhov worked on it until the end of his life.

Introductory conversation on the text. The children read the story “The Stone Flower” at home. You can start the lesson by sharing your impressions: did you like the story, what did you remember, what amazed you?

- What do you think this story is about?

The question is obviously too difficult for fifth graders. About an artist who tried and failed to grasp the essence of beauty. About his competition with nature, whose beauty is perfect. ABOUT internal conflict a person who simultaneously belongs to the “everyday”, everyday human world and the “ideal” world of creativity, which dooms a person to inner loneliness. However, children can also express deep thoughts, and it is important to immediately understand at what level they are ready to work with a story.

"Stone Flower" Reproduction
Palekh casket lids
artist G.M. Melnikova. 1947

Most likely, they will unconsciously answer another question: who is this tale about? About Danil Nedokormish. You can agree with this answer; it is convenient for formulating the topic of the first lesson: “What is Danila’s gift?”. Additional questions: Why was Danila chosen as a hero? How is Danila different from other masters?

Conversation on issues
(full list of questions)

Where and when does the story take place?
From whose perspective is the story told? What can you say about this person (his age, education, life experience, occupation)?
Give examples unusual words and expressions in the narrator's speech.
Which events in the tale could actually happen and which could not?
Tell us how Danila Nedokormish was different from other children. How did he surprise Prokopyich?
Tell us how Danila lived with Prokopich.
How did Prokopyich teach Danila the skill?
Why didn’t Danila like the cup he ordered?
Why do you think those around him considered Danila the master strange? What was he looking for in the forest? How did you understand his words: “I haven’t lost it, but I can’t find it”?
Tell the legend about the Mistress of the Copper Mountain and the stone flower. How do you understand it?
Why didn’t the Mistress want to show Danila the flower?
Why did Danila break his datura flower and disappear?

When discussing these issues, there are three main themes to consider:

Internal concentration, attention to beauty and inattention to everything domestic;
the ability to share this beauty (playing the horn);
patience and courage necessary for creative work.

Let's pay attention to the details: Danila sees beauty both in the natural world (conversation with the shepherd) and in human creations (his “strange” behavior in the manor house, where he was looking at works of art). The gift makes the boy indifferent to the conveniences and benefits of ordinary life; Danila is a person “not of this world,” which already in childhood brings him constant suffering. It is important to note that even in childhood, natural phenomena were the standard of beauty for him: in his music “either the forest is noisy, or the stream is murmuring, the birds are calling to each other to all sorts of voices.”

Speaking about Danila’s patience and courage, we need to compare him with other children who were apprenticed to Prokopyich. Were they all really untalented? On the one hand, Danila is distinguished by rare talent: he surpassed his master literally immediately; this great gift makes learning a game for a boy. On the other hand, this “lightness” was prepared by Danila’s patience and gentle unpretentiousness. Prokopich greeted this student no more kindly than the others, but Danila was not offended. Perhaps not all previous students were untalented, but Prokopich unconsciously looked for an equal student, for whom mastery would be more important than external comfort. Let us note, by the way, the mutual gratitude and pity of the boy and the old man, who are trying to protect each other from the danger of the malachite business and from the lord’s anger.

All the issues considered were mainly of a reproductive nature and related to the exposition of the tale. It was possible to ask at home in advance (individually or according to options) to prepare oral communications on questions 1–3 and include them in the discussion.

Plot analysis

- How did it happen that Danila became a special master, not like everyone else and even like Prokopich?

Danila, the only one of the masters, began to make not an ordered item, but a bowl according to his own plan, like a real creative artist. Let us note the role played by the bowl, a sketch of which was sent by the gentleman from the capital. The teacher may need clarification here: sometimes children have a hard time understanding serfdom and the position of the craftsmen. We will try to convey to children the connection between creativity and freedom: serf craftsmen are satisfied with their craft, recognizing themselves as forced labor, and their work as almost a punishment. Only Danila wants to create true beauty and bring it to people, even working for the master. By the way, the master, unlike the clerk, apparently understands that talent needs freedom, and provides it to Danila and Prokopyich (within certain limits), in the hope of getting something new and beautiful.

Having considered the difference between craft and creativity, we move on to discussing the main problem of skaz.

- What did Danila want to convey in his cup and why couldn’t he?

He wanted to convey the beauty of a living flower in stone. Compete creatively with living nature. We will talk about why I failed in the second lesson.

Homework. Get ready to tell the legend of the Mistress of the Copper Mountain and the stone flower.

Lesson 2

Home building inspection. Discussing two or three answers, we pay attention to how the fairy tale motif is gradually introduced into the deceptively realistic story about the childhood of a serf master. For the first time, grandmother Vikhorikha speaks about the stone flower, but her words are dark and incomprehensible (“unfortunate is the person who sees the stone flower”). From a childhood memory of these words, a keen sense of the beauty of living nature and stone and dissatisfaction with the ordered bowl, the idea of a flower bowl is born, at first still unclear (“I haven’t lost it, but I can’t find it” - the artist’s painful anxiety).

The next episode, bringing reality and legend closer together, is the story of an old man at a party. The legend takes on flesh and blood: the old man saw the work of a mining foreman. In his description of the armlet snake, he emphasizes the main thing: although it is made of stone, it seems to be alive. A master who has grasped the essence of beauty is able to convey life in stone; this is not given to a craftsman. The old man again warns: whoever looks at the stone flower will not find the white light pleasant. Danila utters the fateful words: “I would take a look.”

After this, the Mistress of the Copper Mountain begins to interfere in his life: she advises where to look for the stone, sends the necessary material, and then herself appears to the exhausted master.

The legend about the stone flower is relatively clear: a master who has comprehended the essence of stone and its beauty goes into the mountainous, stone world in order to fully serve this beauty, not to “exchange” for human things: neither for handicrafts, nor for deep human connections, in which there is a lot everyday, “mundane”, be it caring for an old teacher or starting a family.

The image of the Mistress is more complex and mysterious.

- What role does the Mistress play in Danila’s fate? What does she want from the master? (Question options: “How do you understand the legend?”)

There may be an argument in class. Some will argue that the Mistress deliberately lures Danila to the mountain, promising help in an obviously impossible creative task, in order to torment her with failure, drive her to despair and break her will. After all, she needs the best of the masters.

Others will argue that the Mistress really wants the master to be able to express the living soul of the stone. (If a dispute does not arise, it is worth provoking.)

So, What does the Mistress need: the mountain masters subordinate to her or a free artist who managed to defeat her spell and surpass the magical beauty of a stone flower?

Judging by the way the Mistress dissuades Danila from looking at the stone flower, appeals to his conscience, offers help and actually gives the stone according to his plan, she is not being cunning and is not luring the master. On the contrary, he understands how dangerous and disastrous what Danila is planning is.

Conversation. Let's return to the question posed in the previous lesson: Why didn’t Danila manage to create a bowl according to his own plan?

- Why did Danila break his dope flower, but didn’t touch the master’s cup?

The master's cup in his eyes is unworthy of being broken. And the Datura flower is half done! (Re-read his description, find the line between the master’s success and failure.) Maybe Danila really was so talented that he could express the beauty of a living flower in stone. Why didn't he continue his attempts?

The answers may be different (especially if you ask the guys whether they often persistently achieve what they did not succeed at once; but laziness and impatience are not about Danila). Let's pay attention to two factors. Firstly, none of those around him understood or supported his quest. The daring plan to convey the beauty of living things in stone seemed impossible to other masters or associated with some mysterious forces hostile to man. Secondly, Danila did not have the freedom to spend years, perhaps, struggling with a creative task: after all, he is a serf master, and again he will be ordered something that is not even worthy of being broken.

- What do you think, if Danila had made his cup the way he wanted, would it have looked like those flowers that grew in the mountain, or would it have come out differently?

This question is closely related to the mystery of the Mistress of the Copper Mountain. We have already understood that it is not hostile to the human world (as the legends say), but at the same time alien to it. The beauty that the Mistress can show to Danila is perfect, but cold (the adult reader is reminded of Pushkin’s “indifferent nature”). The Mistress is the embodied soul of the natural kingdom, and this soul is free from warm human passions and feelings. Mountain masters become the same: they come closer to understanding the essence of nature, but lose their human essence.

A person, expressing beauty, can spiritualize it with his hot human soul, and the beauty in his creations is always different than in nature. Danila's flower should have turned out differently from underground flowers. He would have absorbed the love for Prokopyich and Katya, and neither the Mistress nor her mountain masters would ever create such beauty.

- What did the Mistress want from Danila?

Creativity that would surpass its magic. But, apparently, Danila’s soul was a bit cold towards the human world, and he was unable to “humanize the soulless.”

Children are unlikely to give such answers themselves, but they can be led to some conclusions.

The hostess is the embodied soul of nature.
A person is capable of not just copying natural beauty, but creating something different, animated by his warm heart.

This is enough to understand Danila’s defeat and the role of the Mistress in the tale.

A separate part of the lesson - working with a theoretical article about skaz(For convenience, we present its text).

Tale and fairy tale

Tales of P.P. Bazhov are in many ways similar to folk tales: miracles also happen in them, there is a magical world. However, you may have noticed some differences. The action in the tales takes place not in a conventional place (“a certain kingdom, a certain state”) and not in unknown times, but in the Urals in early XIX century. And the heroes of fairy tales also resemble much more ordinary people from real life. For example, Danila Nedokormish is not just “ peasant son”(like Ivan from the “real” fairy tale) - he is a serf peasant son. And, like many serfs in the Urals, he works for his master not in the field, but at the machine - not as a plowman, but as a master of stone carving. There were many such serf master-artists in those days, and their fate was often tragic.

Another difference between a tale and a fairy tale is the special role of the narrator. P.P. Bazhov not only wrote down a folklore text told by someone - he is the author of these stories. He came up with characters, plots, descriptions, words and details. This means that Bazhov’s tales belong not to folklore, but to literature.

But the person who talks about Danil the Master is not at all like the real author of fairy tales. After all, Bazhov himself lived much later and could not possibly have witnessed the events described. And the narrator’s language - common folk, with many characteristic Ural words - is not a language school teacher. Bazhov conveys and shows us the narrator’s speech, as he conveys the speech of other characters. In fact, the narrator is one of the heroes of Bazhov's tales. We, the readers, never see this hero, but we constantly hear (“This is what malachite was made from appropriately. Hey, such little things that you’ll wonder how it helped him”).

So, a tale differs from a fairy tale, firstly, in that it is based on real circumstances; secondly, in the tale there is a narrator, whose speech the author tries to reproduce with all its characteristic features.

Homework. 1. Get ready to reproduce, close to the text, the description of two stone flowers: the Daniel Cup and the “real” one. 2. Read the story “The Mining Master.” 3. Remember the differences between a tale and a fairy tale.

Lesson 3

Examination homework - miniature presentation (in writing, at the choice of students or according to options - a description of one of the stone flowers). A written answer to the question: how is a tale different from a fairy tale?

The lesson is based on a comparison of the images of Katya and Danila (based on questions from the textbook).

- How is Katya similar to Danila?

Perseverance. The ability to go towards one’s goal, regardless of the opinions of others, for whom the goal of both is incomprehensible and seems unattainable: Danila wants to create unprecedented beauty, Katya wants to remain faithful to the groom, who is considered dead.

- What actions of Katya seem strange to people?

The question is primarily about knowledge of the text. But let us pay attention to the fact that Katya is no stranger to stone craftsmanship.

- Why did Danila go to Snake Hill and why does Katya go?

Danila, on the advice of the Mistress, looked for a stone, and in this place a mountain was revealed to him. Katya is also looking for a stone for crafts (her goal is simpler, but in its own way no less daring - to live through a skill that is considered purely masculine). Danila helps her, and the mountain opens again.

- How did the Mistress react to Katya at the beginning of the meeting? Why did her attitude subsequently change?

Katya spoke to the Mistress boldly, realizing that she was humanly right. The Mistress spoke to Danila about this human truth, warning him against the stone flower. The hostess speaks sternly to Katya: she is testing her. Offers to take any stone. But when Katya wins and Danila decides to return to the people, the Mistress “smiles brightly” and does not hold a grudge against Katya. The tragic notes in the image of the Mistress are more noticeable not in this tale, but in “The Malachite Box”. Although the Mistress emphasizes her dispassion (“What will become stone?”), her words contain the bitterness of rejected love. It's good if children pay attention to this.

- Who does Katya fight for her love?

And with the Mistress, and with Danila himself - after all, he voluntarily went to the mountain.

- Why does she manage to win?

Katya’s main weapon and all her talent is her ability to love faithfully and passionately. No enchantment can deal with this weapon.

- In what other works have you come across heroines similar to Katya?

First of all, Andersen’s “The Snow Queen” comes to mind. You can expand this comparison, compare not only Katya and Gerda, but also the Mistress with Snow Queen: the image of the Mistress is more complex; she is not the embodiment of evil forces.
Returning to the comparison between Katya and Danila, you can ask the question in different ways.

- Who do you think is the main character of the story “The Mining Master”: Danila, Katya or the Mistress?

- Which of the characters did you like more: Katya or Danila?

The main character of the tale is Katya. She is also the most purposeful. She has one gift - the gift of love. She is not a master at all, not an artist; the vision of a stone flower will not deprive her of peace: Katya “sees” only Danila, the rest is indifferent to her. She will never have to, like Danila, be torn between human love and the thirst for creativity and perfection. Katya is “more positive” than Danila, but for some, the tragic image of the master may be closer, and there is no need to argue with this too sharply. We cannot say how Katya would have behaved if she had the same artistic gift as her beloved. Could you achieve the almost impossible thanks to your perseverance and fearlessness? Would you suffer the same longing for unattainable beauty?

- What was Danila thinking about?

The question can be asked, if not everything has been said about the tragedy of his fate. Danila thinks about the stone flower, which he cannot remember. Katya is silent because she cannot fill this emptiness with all her love.

Homework

Option 1

(Select it if the lesson follows extracurricular reading according to Bazhov's tales.) Choose one of the tales and prepare the story “Magical creatures and people in the tales of P.P. Bazhova: how do their meetings turn out?” (retelling and conclusion).

Whatever tale the students choose, they should note that the magical creatures in Bazhov’s tales are not hostile to people, but meeting them is always a test. The hero must show best sides your soul: courage, selflessness, nobility - and will be rewarded. However, this “reward” will give him only relative well-being. And along with it, he will get a painful feeling of loss: a person cannot hold the magical beauty in Bazhov’s world in his hands.

What genre does “Stone Flower” belong to? This:

2. fairy tale,

3. a story from life.

Based on what material were the maters among the main characters in Bazhov’s tale “The Stone Flower”:

1. on stone;

2. on marble;

3. for malachite;

4. for iron.

Who is Prokopich:

1. clerk;

2. master of malachite;

3. marble master;

4. grandfather, nicknamed Slyshko, who herded cows with Danilushka;

5. local executioner.

What do we know about Prokopich at the time of the story:

1. was still young, but already had his own group of students to teach marble crafts,

2. he was not yet old, he worked at a factory, but he was looking for students, he wanted to teach them skills;

3. he was already old, worked at home, did not want students, but taught those whom they brought, and even then poorly;

What do we know about Danilushka’s past:

1. he was a boy of seven years old, his mother had one, but it was difficult to bear one son, and the mother tried to find a job for her son;

2. Danilushka was a teenager about twelve years old, an orphan, there was no one to stand up for him, and they tried to assign him to some kind of activity good people;

3. Danilushka lived with his old and sick father, who needed help, and the boy himself tried to get a crust of bread.

How people spoke about Danilushka:

1. “Blessed”, “slow-moving”, “what can you get from him”, “patient”.

2. “Strange”, “stupid”, “stupid”.

3. “A good servant”, “he will be good, he served his masters well.”

1. Short, dark brown, strong, capable of science,

2. Tall, fair-haired, blue-eyed, thin.

3. Short, black-haired, well-fed.

4. Doesn't stand out among other people.

What did Danilushka do before he ended up with Prokopich:

1. wandered around the villages, played the pipe to amuse the people, begged for alms, and lived like that;

2. thanks to the request of his sick father, he was accepted into the service of the king, for whom he played the pipe, for which he received a salary and for which he was allowed to admire beautiful things,

3. Thanks to his attractive appearance, he was accepted into the service of the masters, but did not show any diligence, and he was kicked out and forced to graze cows.

What circumstances led Danilushka to Prokopich:

1. Danilushka stole a beautiful and expensive thing that he was looking at in the gentlemen’s house, for this he was sent to Prokopyich;

2. Danilushka ran away from his owners’ house and asked to see a famous master,

3. Danilushka served the masters poorly and was sent to herd cows as punishment, but one day he played the pipe and lost the herd, for which he was beaten almost to death by the executioner.

Who exactly brought Danilushka to Prokopyich:

1. grandmother Vikhorikha;

2. master's clerk;

3. the king's clerk.

Why did the clerk bring Danilushka to Prokopyich:

1. to look after the old man while he teaches students;

2. to report how the master teaches his students;

3. so that Danilushka learns how to run a household from him;

4. so that Danilushka learns the malachite trade from him.

What happened at the first meeting of Prokopyich and Danilushka?

Danilushka told Prokopich how best to make a drawing on a stone,

From whom did Danilushka first hear about the stone flower?