Biographical information on NKVD employees. Data on NKVD employees published

November 23, 2016 on the website of the human rights society "Memorial" access to the directory was opened A. N. Zhukova “Personnel composition of state security bodies of the USSR. 1935-1939". Included in the reference book brief information O 39,950 NKVD employees who received special ranks of the state security system from the moment of their introduction in 1935 until early 1941 Particular attention is paid to the period from autumn 1935 to mid-1939 An important source of information when creating the directory was NKVD orders USSR by personnel. The directory contains the numbers and dates of orders for the assignment of special ranks and dismissal from the NKVD, data on the position held at the time of dismissal, and in addition materials on received state awards and about awarding signs "Honorary Worker of the Cheka-GPU". The information is supplemented with biographical information from other sources - documents about dead And missing during the Second World War, as well as repressed.

The directory will be useful to people interested in the history of the Soviet period, as well as descendants of those repressed. With its help it will be possible to find out more complete biographical information about state security employees of the time " Great Terror", known so far only by last name, personal signature and mentions of other people. The appearance of such a reference book is an important step towards a more in-depth and correct understanding tragic story our state in the 1930s of the twentieth century.

The basis of the reference book was information about NKVD workers collected in libraries and archives Andrey Nikolaevich Zhukov. Because until the 1990s archives were closed, and documents from the period were obtained " Great Terror" was almost impossible; periodicals became the main source of information for the directory XX century, which published information about awards for NKVD workers and brief curriculum vitae when electing the leaders of the NKVD-UNKVD to deputies of the Supreme Soviets. In the 1990s Archival documents on awards to employees of state security agencies and the deprivation of their orders and NKVD personnel orders - on the transfer of workers and the assignment of personal titles - became available. A. N. Zhukov dedicated to the study of these documents for many years.

Structure of the NKVD of the USSR in the second half 1930s was quite complicated. The Main Directorate of State Security (GUGB) and its local bodies - the Directorate of State Security (UGB) occupied a special place. It was the GUGB and the UGB that were entrusted with the responsibility to combat “ enemies of the people" It is also known that during “ mass operations» 1937-1938 Various units of the NKVD took part in arrests and sometimes investigations: border and internal troops, police, and economic units. But main role GUGB-UGB officers carried out the repressions. It lies on them main responsibility for the implementation of repression by the Soviet leadership.

The compiler of the reference book studied printed collections of NKVD orders on personnel for the period 1935-1940(GARF. F. 9401. Op. 9a. D. 1-65). For the period from December 1935 to mid-1939 The directory contains an almost complete list of state security employees who had special ranks. The directory also contains information about employees of other structures of the NKVD, in particular, the administrative and economic management. In the archival materials of the Central Executive Committee and the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (GARF. F. 7523. Op. 7, 44), the cases of NKVD employees were studied, awarded the order Lenin. Personal information from these files (full name, year and place of birth, information about party affiliation and place of work, awards) is also included in the directory. Included in the directory and information about repressions to which NKVD workers were subjected. This data is mainly taken from Books of memory of victims political repression , published in many regions former USSR, as well as from the consolidated database of the Memorial Society.

Note that after the publication of data about NKVD employees, the Memorial website was overloaded, which is a consequence great interest people to the reference book by A. N. Zhukov “Personnel composition of state security bodies of the USSR. 1935-1939".

The Kremlin does not comment in any way on the posting on the Memorial website of information about NKVD employees during the Stalinist repressions 1935-1939 “I’ll probably leave this question without comment”, said the press secretary of the President of the Russian Federation Dmitry Peskov. “The topic is very sensitive, it is obvious that many people have different opinions here, there are diametrically opposed points of view, and both of them are sometimes very well-reasoned.”, said the Kremlin representative.

IN recent years interest in Soviet era increased. Many people try find information about their repressed ancestors. The story of a resident of Tomsk caused great resonance, Denis Karagodin, who conducted an investigation into the massacre committed in Tomsk in 1938. In 1938 was shot his great-grandfather, Stepan Ivanovich Karagodin, and a few more people. Denis Karagodin set everyone's names, who participated in falsifying charges against his great-grandfather and seven other people arrested under " Harbin case", and traced the criminal chain - from the Kremlin initiators " Great Terror" to ordinary performers in Tomsk, right down to drivers " black funnels"and typists.

As is known, the FSB archives are reluctant to share information, but Denis Karagodin managed to find a large number of documents indicating how it worked machine of Stalin's repressions, which destroyed innocent people. “Now we have the entire chain of killers: from the Politburo to the specific executioner”, says Denis Karagodin.

“The second part of the investigation project is to bring to justice all persons guilty of the murder of Stepan Ivanovich Karagodin. Absolutely the entire chain, from the organizers of this particular murder - members of the Politburo in Moscow (led by citizen Dzhugashvili Joseph Vissarionovich, born in 1878, better known under the pseudonyms “Koba”, “Stalin”), to specific executioners in the city of Tomsk (citizens: Zyryanova Nikolai Ivanovich, born in 1912; Sergei Timofeevich Denisov, born in 1892 and Ekaterina Mikhailovna Noskova, born in 1903). The chain of murderers is quite long - more than 20 people: organizers, leaders, executors, accomplices - everyone. The accusation is factual: a group of people, by prior conspiracy, committed a mass murder. Scenarios for this legal procedure (on bringing to justice) have already been developed.”, writes Denis.

The granddaughter of one of the executioners of the Tomsk NKVD found out about D. Karagodin’s investigation - N. I. Zyryanova- Julia. Julia wrote a letter to D. Karagodin. Below are quotes.

The father of my grandmother (mother’s mother), my great-grandfather, was taken from home, following a denunciation, in the same years as your great-grandfather and he never returned home, and 4 daughters remained at home, my grandmother was the youngest... That’s how it turned out now , that in one family there are victims and executioners... It’s very bitter to realize this, it’s very painful... But I will never renounce the history of my family, no matter what it is. All this will help me survive the knowledge that neither I nor all my relatives whom I know, remember and love were in any way involved in these atrocities that occurred in those years...” “The grief that such people brought cannot be redeemed... The task of the next generations is simply not to hush it up, all things and events must be called by their proper names. And the purpose of my letter to you is simply to tell you that I now know about such a shameful page in the history of my family and am completely on your side.” “But nothing in our society will ever change unless the whole truth is revealed. It’s not for nothing that Stalinists and monuments to Stalin have appeared again now; it just doesn’t fit in my head, it defies any comprehension.

Quotes from the letter are taken from the website: stepanivanovichkaragodin.org

A section has appeared on the website of the Memorial movement, which is a database “Personnel composition of the state security bodies of the USSR. 1935-1939”, which presents data on 39 thousand 950 NKVD employees. The information that formed the basis of the database was collected by researcher Andrei Zhukov.

The project description states that the directory will be useful to those interested Soviet history. “So, in particular, with the help of the directory it will be possible to attribute many state security employees of the era of the Great Terror, hitherto known only by last name (as a rule, without even indicating the first and patronymic) - from signatures in investigative files or from mentions in memoir texts. The appearance of the reference book is a significant step towards a more in-depth and accurate understanding of the tragic history of our country in the 30s of the twentieth century,” Znak.com quotes a message from Memorial.

The structure of the database allows you to search both alphabetically and by place of service, titles or awards of individuals. Repressed NKVD employees are placed in a separate category. The completeness of information about specific personalities in the directory depends on the source from which the information was obtained. In some cases, only last names and initials are known about a particular NKVD employee; in some cases, the start and end dates of service are established.

In May of this year, Memorial released a directory on CD. As Radio Liberty reported then, the main source of information was the orders of the USSR NKVD regarding personnel. It contains the numbers and dates of orders for the assignment of special ranks and dismissals from the NKVD, which often meant subsequent arrest. They also contain information about the position held at the time of dismissal, state awards received and awards with the badge “Honorary Worker of the Cheka-GPU.” In addition, the compiler of the directory, Andrei Zhukov, used data from other sources - primarily about those killed and missing during the war, as well as those subjected to repression.

At the presentation of the disc, the chairman of the board of the international Memorial, Arseny Roginsky, said that many years ago he noticed a man who came to Memorial over and over again and worked through one “Book of Memory” after another, writing something out in the barn book.

“In general, “Memorial” is a place where there are a lot of eccentrics of all kinds. But a person who would review all the “Books of Memory” over and over again in a row is still unique, so it was impossible not to be interested in what it was all about he does. It turns out that from all the “Books of Memory” he then wrote out employees of state security agencies,” Roginsky said.

Later it turned out that Andrei Zhukov works from a variety of sources, not only from the “Books of Memory”. First of all, these were personnel orders of the NKVD bodies, which are stored in State Archives RF and are available for study.

“At some point we realized that we needed to make something out of this. It was impossible to leave all this as the property of home cards or notebooks, barn books, of which Andrei Nikolaevich had accumulated an immeasurable amount. Then it was more or less figured out how to do this, and the topic more or less emerged. We were not interested in everyone - from Adam and Eve to the present day. We limited ourselves to a certain period, and on the disk it is indicated: 1935-1939. We chose for this disk from everywhere, from Andrei Nikolaevich’s gold reserves. people who received special ranks during these years. As we remember, they were introduced in 1935. Those people who received them during the first four years are our characters,” says a representative of Memorial.

According to Roginsky, still draft versions of the database allowed important discoveries. So, for example, it turned out that in Yuri Dombrovsky’s novel “The Faculty of Unnecessary Things” all the names of the security officers are genuine.

“Even books have been written about many characters, some were themselves involved in criminal cases for various reasons. Some - because they refused to carry out the 447th order (secret order of the NKVD of July 30, 1937 “On the operation to repress former kulaks” , criminals and other anti-Soviet elements", according to which from August 1937 to November 1938, 390 thousand people were executed and 380 thousand people were sent to camps. - Note website) or did not carry it out actively enough, such cases are also known,” historian Jan Raczynski says about the people mentioned in the database.

As Rachinsky noted in an interview with the History Lesson project, it took 15 years to compile the database.

November 23, 2016 on the website of the human rights society "Memorial" access to the directory was opened A. N. Zhukova “Personnel composition of state security bodies of the USSR. 1935-1939". The guide contains brief information about 39,950 NKVD employees who received special ranks of the state security system from the moment of their introduction in 1935 until early 1941 Particular attention is paid to the period from autumn 1935 to mid-1939 An important source of information when creating the directory was NKVD orders USSR by personnel. The directory contains the numbers and dates of orders for the conferment of special ranks and dismissal from the NKVD, information about the position held at the time of dismissal, as well as materials about received state awards and the awarding of badges "Honorary Worker of the Cheka-GPU". The information is supplemented with biographical information from other sources - documents about dead And missing during the Second World War, as well as repressed.

The basis of the reference book was information about NKVD workers collected in libraries and archives Andrey Nikolaevich Zhukov. Because until the 1990s archives were closed, and documents from the period were obtained " Great Terror" was almost impossible; periodicals became the main source of information for the directory XX century, which published information about awards for NKVD workers and brief biographical information when electing NKVD-UNKVD leaders to deputies of the Supreme Soviets. In the 1990s Archival documents on awards to employees of state security agencies and the deprivation of their orders and NKVD personnel orders - on the transfer of workers and the assignment of personal titles - became available. A. N. Zhukov dedicated to the study of these documents for many years.

Structure of the NKVD of the USSR in the second half 1930s was quite complicated. The Main Directorate of State Security (GUGB) and its local bodies - the Directorate of State Security (UGB) occupied a special place. It was the GUGB and the UGB that were entrusted with the responsibility to combat “ enemies of the people" It is also known that during “ mass operations» 1937-1938 Various units of the NKVD took part in arrests and sometimes investigations: border and internal troops, police, and economic units. But the main role in carrying out the repression was played by employees of the GUGB-UGB. It lies on them main responsibility for the implementation of repression by the Soviet leadership.

The compiler of the reference book studied printed collections of NKVD orders on personnel for the period 1935-1940(GARF. F. 9401. Op. 9a. D. 1-65). For the period from December 1935 to mid-1939 The directory contains an almost complete list of state security employees who had special ranks. The directory also contains information about employees of other structures of the NKVD, in particular, the administrative and economic management. In the archival materials of the Central Executive Committee and the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (GARF. F. 7523. Op. 7, 44), the cases of NKVD employees awarded the Order of Lenin were studied. Personal information from these files (full name, year and place of birth, information about party affiliation and place of work, awards) is also included in the directory. Included in the directory and information about repressions to which NKVD workers were subjected. This data is mainly taken from Books of memory of victims of political repression, published in many regions of the former USSR, as well as from the consolidated database of the Memorial Society.

In recent years, interest in the Soviet era has increased. Many people try find information about their repressed ancestors. The story of a resident of Tomsk caused great resonance, Denis Karagodin, who conducted an investigation into the massacre committed in Tomsk in 1938. In 1938 was shot his great-grandfather, Stepan Ivanovich Karagodin, and a few more people. Denis Karagodin set everyone's names, who participated in falsifying charges against his great-grandfather and seven other people arrested under " Harbin case", and traced the criminal chain - from the Kremlin initiators " Great Terror" to ordinary performers in Tomsk, right down to drivers " black funnels"and typists.

The granddaughter of one of the executioners of the Tomsk NKVD found out about D. Karagodin’s investigation - N. I. Zyryanova- Julia. Julia wrote a letter to D. Karagodin. Below are quotes.

The father of my grandmother (mother’s mother), my great-grandfather, was taken from home, following a denunciation, in the same years as your great-grandfather and he never returned home, and 4 daughters remained at home, my grandmother was the youngest... That’s how it turned out now , that in one family there are victims and executioners... It’s very bitter to realize this, it’s very painful... But I will never renounce the history of my family, no matter what it is. All this will help me survive the knowledge that neither I nor all my relatives whom I know, remember and love were in any way involved in these atrocities that occurred in those years...” “The grief that such people brought cannot be redeemed... The task of the next generations is simply not to hush it up, all things and events must be called by their proper names. And the purpose of my letter to you is simply to tell you that I now know about such a shameful page in the history of my family and am completely on your side.” “But nothing in our society will ever change unless the whole truth is revealed. It’s not for nothing that Stalinists and monuments to Stalin have appeared again now; it just doesn’t fit in my head, it defies any comprehension.

Quotes from the letter are taken from the website: stepanivanovichkaragodin.org

24 Nov 2016, 07:42

The human rights organization Memorial has published a reference book about the security officers of the era of mass repressions of 1935-1939. It included at least 2.5 thousand people who served in the territory of the modern Siberian Federal District.

“Memorial” published a directory “Personnel composition of state security bodies of the USSR. 1935-1939", compiled by researcher Andrei Zhukov. He worked with archives declassified in the 1990s - orders for awarding NKVD officers and their brief biographical information.

In Siberia, Zhukov identified the following territorial bodies of the NKVD, which existed at different times: according to East Siberian edge (until 1936), East Siberian region (existed since 1937) and West Siberian edge. In addition to the district bodies of the NKVD, the composition of regional branches for the Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, Chita and Omsk regions, the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is given.

In total, the names of about 2.5 thousand NKVD employees who worked on the territory of modern Siberian federal district during a period of mass repression. For example, in the Novosibirsk region the researcher managed to find out 250 names, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory - 323, in Omsk region- 402. In Chita and Buryatia - one each.

The only NKVD employee in Buryatia found in open sources, became Colonel Nikolai Ivanov, born in Vyazma in 1902. After serving in the Red Army and working at the Elektrosvet plant in 1939, he became a student of the NKVD courses of the USSR, and in June of the same year he became deputy people's commissar of internal affairs. Buryat-Mongolian ASSR, then headed the department. He had four Orders of the Red Star and medals of the Order of the Badge of Honor and two orders Patriotic War first degree. Died in 1962.

For most of personnel there is no detailed information - only titles and awards. Even dates of birth and death are rare. In a number of cases, Siberian “chekists” themselves became convicted. For example, junior lieutenant of state security Yuri Mlinnik, who served in the Irkutsk region and was listed as a candidate member of the CPSU (b) - he was arrested in 1938, convicted in March 1939, but released in April. In 1996 he was rehabilitated.

Among the former Novosibirsk NKVD workers included in the list is State Security Colonel Nikolai Deshin, who was born in the Voronezh province. He graduated from the Novosibirsk NKVD school in 1939, and during the Great Patriotic War he was the head of the NKVD department in the Novosibirsk region. After the creation of the Ministry of State Security, he moved there, and in 1950 he left for the Velikiye Luki region. He died in retirement in 1977.

Colonel Anatoly Koshkin also studied in Novosibirsk, then worked in the NKVD and MGB Kemerovo cities. He headed the UMGB of Khakassia in 1950, after the death of Joseph Stalin he became deputy head of the department, in 1956 he became deputy head of the UMGB in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, then headed the state security agencies in Norilsk, and from 1965 to 1974 he was the head of the KGB department in Krasnoyarsk. He shot himself in his office - it was reported that in the last months of his life he complained of headaches.