The city of Crimea belongs to To the Russian state. It is a peninsula located in the west of our country. The Crimean territorial border includes the city of Crimea itself, as well as the city of Sevastopol. The Crimean peninsula is unique; it attracts hundreds of thousands of vacationers and tourists. Every year, visitors plunge into wonderful nature peninsula and enthusiastically enjoy the beauties of the Azov, as well as the Black Sea. The Crimean peninsula cannot be called huge, but the population of Crimea in 2019 is about 2,000,000 people. It is important to clarify that together with the city of Sevastopol, the population of the two territorial units is approximately 2,300,000 people.

Population of Crimea

The unique and beautiful Crimean peninsula attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors every year. Of course, most of the tourists are seen here in the summer season, but these days some Russians already prefer to have Crimea as their permanent place of residence. The population of Crimea in 2019 is about 2,000,000 people. It is important to clarify that such a ratio is indicated without including the total population of Sevastopol.

If we take historical data, the total number of local residents has approximately doubled compared to 1959. The population of Crimea is gradually arriving, and the explanation for this is the huge number of newcomers and the excellent birth rate on the territory of this peninsula.

As for the various nations that live in Crimea, there are a sufficient number of them. Among the local residents you can see Russians, Ukrainians, Gypsies, Turks, and Jews. This city beckons and attracts, this is what explains its development and population growth. Of course, the majority of the population of this territorial unit is occupied by Russian residents; their total number in comparison with other nations indicates a ratio of 67%. It is important to clarify that such a figure was not present at all times; for example, in 2001, the Russian population of Crimea was about 55%.

The population of Crimea for 2019 has the following characteristics by nationality:

The uniqueness of Crimea lies not only in historical data. To this day, this peninsula is considered a troubled territorial unit. It is not uncommon for several strong earthquakes to occur here over the course of a full year. But the earthquake that occurred in 1927 destroyed most of the infrastructure of Crimea, which was subsequently successfully reconstructed by a friendly and united local residents.

Contents 1 Prehistoric period 1.1 Paleolithic 1.2 Mesolithic 1.3 ... Wikipedia

Leninsky district of Crimea- Leninsky district Leninsky district Yedi Quyu rayonı Center: Lenino Square ... Wikipedia

Razdolnoye (Razdolnensky district of Crimea)- This term has other meanings, see Razdolnoye. Urban settlement Razdolnoye, Ukrainian. Rozdolne Crimean Tatarstan. Aqşeyh ... Wikipedia

Pervomaiskoe (Pervomaisky district of Crimea)- This term has other meanings, see Jurchi (meanings). This term has other meanings, see Pervomayskoe. Urban settlement Pervomayskoye, Ukrainian. Pervomaisk Crimean Tatarstan. Curci... Wikipedia

Pushkino (Sovetsky district of Crimea)- This term has other meanings, see Pushkino (meanings). The village of Pushkino, Ukrainian. Pushkin Crimean Catholicate. Eseniki Country ... Wikipedia

Economy of Crimea- The main sectors of the Crimean economy are industry (more than 530 large and medium-sized enterprises), tourism (Western Crimea, Southern coast of Crimea, Eastern Crimea), construction, healthcare, Agriculture, trade. Contents 1 History of Economics ... ... Wikipedia

Alekseevka (Pervomaisky district of Crimea)- This term has other meanings, see Alekseevka. Alekseevka village, Ukrainian Oleksiivka Crimean Catholic. Eski Ali Keç Country ... Wikipedia

Dmitrovka (Pervomaisky district of Crimea)- This term has other meanings, see Dmitrovka. The village of Dmitrovka, Ukrainian. Dmitrivka Crimean Catholic. Oy Mamşaq Country ... Wikipedia

Kirovskoye (Kirovsky district of Crimea)- This term has other meanings, see Kirovskoe. Urban settlement Kirovskoye, Ukrainian. Kirov Crimean Tatarstan. Islâm Terek ... Wikipedia

Books

• There would be no Russia without Crimea! "Place of power" of the entire Russian Land, Shlyakhtorov Alexey Gennadievich. From time immemorial, the destinies of Rus' and Crimea were inextricably linked - it is not for nothing that this peninsula is considered one of the sacred centers and the “place of power” of the entire Russian Land. It is here, in the ancient... Buy for 344 rubles
• Without Crimea, Russia cannot exist. The place of power of the entire Russian Land, Shlyakhtorov A.. From time immemorial, the destinies of Rus' and Crimea have been inextricably linked - it is not for nothing that this peninsula is considered one of the sacred centers and the “place of power” of the entire Russian Land. It is here, in the ancient...

As a source, I used a useful article from Wikipedia “Population of Crimea”.

The article presents the results of population censuses for 1897-2014, and the abundance of tables always makes the text interesting.

Let's not look into the century before last, but it would be interesting to compare the results of the last Soviet census of 1989, the Ukrainian census of 2001 and the census conducted in Crimea in 2014.

The first table shows the national composition of the population of the entire Crimea (Republic and Sevastopol). I slightly changed the original table from Wikipedia, bringing together the East Slavic, Tatar and Jewish peoples. Nations whose share in the population of Crimea has increased over the period 2001-2014 are indicated in green.

Table 1. National composition population of Crimea according to census data.

As you can see, in the population of Crimea after joining Russian Federation The share of Russians has noticeably increased, with a sharp decrease in the absolute number and proportion of Ukrainians and Belarusians. I believe that the reason for this jump is quite clear.

Overall, the share Eastern Slavs in the population of the peninsula has decreased over 25 years from 95 to 81 percent.

The share of Tatars increased sixfold between 1989 and 2014. According to Rosstat, part Crimean Tatars during the census she called herself Tatars. The appearance of the Turks is noteworthy.

According to the census, only 0.17% of the population of Crimea remained Jews.

In addition to the Tatars, there are five more peoples whose numbers are growing in Crimea. These are Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Uzbeks, Tajiks and Gypsies.

It is noteworthy that the share of those who did not indicate their nationality during the census increased in 2014 to 3.82%, compared to 0.82% during the Ukrainian census of 2001.

Table 2. National composition of the urban and rural population of Crimea as a percentage of the total.

Table 2 shows the shares of those who indicated their nationality, and not of total number Crimeans Therefore, the data for Crimea as a whole are somewhat different from the data in Table 1.

As we can see, in rural areas the share of Russians is significantly lower than in cities. On the contrary, the share of Tatars and Ukrainians is significantly higher in rural areas.

Table 3. How many times has the share of a particular national group increased (decreased) in 2001-2014.

As we can see, the share of Russians in the urban population increased by 13% during the period between the 2001 and 2014 censuses, and the share of Russians in rural population increased by 22%. This is not surprising, because The share of those who called themselves Ukrainians and Belarusians in rural areas was initially higher, but with the change in the political situation everything fell into place.

What is important is the fact that the Tatar population moved significantly from the village to the city.

Table 4. National composition of urban districts and rural areas of Crimea.

Table 5. National composition of urban districts and rural areas of Crimea as a percentage of the total.

The highest values ​​in the columns are highlighted in bold.

An interesting fact is that the proportion of those who did not want to indicate their nationality during the 2014 census in some cities of Crimea turned out to be quite high. In Yalta there were 9.2%, in Simferopol 5.8%, in Sevastopol 4.9%. The proportion of those who did not indicate their nationality is high in Armyansk and Alushta.

I tried to determine the dependence of the proportion of those who did not indicate their nationality on the proportion of persons of one or another nationality in the population of cities and regions of Crimea.

It turned out that the share of those who did not indicate their nationality correlates most closely with the share of Tatars (with the total number of Crimean Tatars and “just” Tatars). Moreover, the dependence is negative. The smaller the proportion of Tatars in a given territory, the greater the proportion of people who did not indicate their nationality.

From this, of course, it does not follow that all those who did not want to indicate their nationality during the 2014 census are Tatars, but this possibility should be taken into account.

Therefore, I think it will be interesting to look at the tablet, which brings together data on the number of Tatars (Crimean Tatars and “just” Tatars) and persons who did not want to name their nationality.

Table 6. Changes in the number of Tatars by urban districts and regions of Crimea.

According to the census, the number of Tatars in Crimea over 13 years has increased by less than 19 thousand people, or only 7%. But, if we assume that a significant part of those who did not indicate their nationality are Tatars, such an estimate of the growth rate of the Tatar population may turn out to be very underestimated. Particularly important is the fact that the bulk of those who did not wish to indicate their nationality were from Simferopol, Sevastopol and Yalta.

So, 2/3 of the population of Crimea are Russians, every seventh is Ukrainian, every eighth is Tatar. But, taking into account those who did not want to indicate their nationality, there may be significantly more Tatars. And the reduction in the total number of Russian residents of Crimea, which has not yet been overcome, is accompanied by an increase in the number and concentration in big cities Tatar population. There is probably nothing dramatic about this, but it is an interesting trend and should certainly be taken into account.

Today the population of Crimea is about two million thirty thousand people. In the summer it is replenished with vacationers, of whom up to two million come to the peninsula during the season. Of the Crimean inhabitants, about one thousand three hundred people live in cities, seven hundred thousand people live in rural areas. Approximately 58.5% of the total population in Crimea are Russians, 24.3% are Ukrainians, 12.1% are Crimean Tatars. The rest of the inhabitants of the peninsula are Jews, Poles, Moldovans, Belarusians, Armenians, Gypsies, Germans and other representatives of many nations. The French and Italians formed a kind of diaspora on the peninsula, living in certain places in Crimea. There is also a diaspora among Azerbaijanis, Koreans, and Chuvash, who appeared in Crimea after 1945. And the Greeks and Armenians created communities formed from settlers from other regions.

The ethnic structure of the peninsula's population is quite complex. Data from the All-Ukrainian Population Census indicate that representatives of one hundred and twenty-five nationalities live on the territory of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Historically, people of different nationalities have settled on this territory since ancient times.

The Greeks appeared on the territory of Crimea in the seventh century BC. Their descendants, found in cities and towns today, profess Orthodoxy and often speak exclusively in Russian. The culture of the Crimean Greeks is quite high.

The overwhelming majority of Russians, Ukrainians, and Bulgarians living in Crimea also profess Orthodoxy. The religion of the Crimean Tatars is Islam.

The Tatars, who were once an exclusively nomadic people, came to Crimea in the thirteenth century. Subsequently, they became sedentary, settling even its steppe, almost virgin in those days, part. Subsequently, they began to engage in trade, gardening, and agriculture.

In Crimea there are Jews, Protestants and Catholics.

Until the nineties of the twentieth century, the predominant share of the inhabitants of Crimea were Russians and Ukrainians. A small part of it consisted of peoples of various ethnic groups. After this, the structure of the population changed somewhat - there was a migration influx of Crimean Tatars, while Russians, on the contrary, partly emigrated outside the republic.

To date, the largest number of Crimean Tatars have settled in the western and central regions of Crimea. In some places their share is over 25% of the population.

Many of the nationalities living in Crimea have not only preserved their traditions and culture, but also continue to multiply and develop them. Of course, over time, the peoples of Crimea assimilated and acquired regional features. However, they managed to preserve the basic differences between the material and spiritual heritage.

There are approximately 46% of men on the peninsula, and 54% of women.

IN last years Crimea is experiencing a demographic decline. It is due to both population migration from the territory of the peninsula and a certain excess of mortality over the birth rate. For example, in January 2008, according to statistics, almost three and a half thousand people died in Crimea, but only two thousand children were born.

The population density of the peninsula averages eighty people per square meter. The most densely populated areas are the northern mountainous regions of Crimea and its southern coast.

The language of interethnic communication in Crimea is Russian.

Recent events have drawn public attention to the political preferences of the population of Crimea. To a large extent, they are determined by the ethnic composition of the current autonomous republic within Ukraine.

The evolution of the ethnic structure of the population of Crimea is presented in the following graphs and tables. It should be noted that the first graph “Population of Crimea”, borrowed from Wikipedia, does not contain data from the 1970 census, but there are columns relating to April and July 1944 - before and after the deportation of the Crimean Tatars 18-20 May 1944. The second graph and the table “Population Structure of Crimea” contain data from the 1970 census, but there are no quantitative estimates of the ethnic composition of the population in April and July 1944.

Population of Crimea in XVIII - XXI centuries

Changes in the ethnic composition of the population of Crimea provide food for more than one publication. At the moment, I think it is possible to dwell on only a few observations.

1. Crimea is one of the territories of the former Russian Empire/former USSR that has experienced radical changes in its ethnic composition in the last two and a half centuries.
2. The key factor in radical changes in ethnic composition is changes in the nature of the dominant political regime and in the political situation.
3. Before the annexation of Crimea by Russia (1783), the Crimean Khanate was an almost mono-ethnic state; Crimean Tatars made up over 92% of the total population.
4. Crimean Tatars remained the absolute majority on the peninsula (over 50%) until 1864, and also a relative ethnic majority until the end of the 19th century (about 36% in 1897).
5. Over the course of about a century and a half (1783 - 1944), the Crimean Tatars experienced three major demographic catastrophes - after the annexation of Crimea to Russia (1780-90s), after Crimean War(1850-60s), May 18-20, 1944. As a result of the first demographic catastrophe (primarily emigration), the number of the Crimean Tatar population in Crimea decreased four times, as a result of the second (emigration) - its number decreased by half from existing on the eve of the Crimean War, as a result of the third (deportation) - almost all Crimean Tatars were evicted from Crimea.
6. In the second half of the 1980s, the return of the Crimean Tatars to their historical homeland began. According to the 2001 census, their number in Crimea was 243 thousand people, or about 45% less than there were on the peninsula for three centuries at the beginning of the 18th century. Taking into account natural and mechanical population growth, the number of Crimean Tatars by the beginning of 2014 may have approached 300 thousand people.
7. Since the beginning of the 20th century (1917), the largest ethnic group in Crimea in relative terms (over 41% of the total population) has been Russians. They became the largest ethnic group in Crimea in absolute terms (75%) in 1944 after the total deportation of the Crimean Tatars.
8. Over the next six decades, the share of Russians in the population of Crimea gradually decreased. According to the 2001 census, the share of Russians in the population of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea was 58.3%. Over 12 years, from 1989 to 2001, the number of Russians in the “big” Crimea (a hypothetical union of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol, which has a special administrative status) decreased by 179 thousand people, or by 11%. Specific gravity Russians in the population of the “big” Crimea for 12 years decreased from 67.0% to 60.4%.
9. Taking into account the demographic trends of the last 13 years, Russians in 2014 obviously make up approximately half of the population of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (excluding the city of Sevastopol). It is possible that according to the results of the new census of Ukraine expected in 2016, Russians will make up less than half of the population of the peninsula (excluding the city of Sevastopol).
10. In the foreseeable future, in the absence of serious military-political cataclysms, Crimea will remain a region with a clearly defined multi-ethnic composition of the population, with Russians, Ukrainians, and Crimean Tatars remaining the largest ethnic groups.