Oculomotor reactions are unconscious, involuntary movements of the eyes, by which one can more accurately determine what and how a person is thinking.

Fortunately, before drawing any conclusions, oculomotor reactions need to be checked: what they mean in a particular person. See→

However, in 80% of cases you can be sure that the eye movements are patterned and indicate the following:

​​​​​​​(the gaze on the diagram is read as if the person is opposite you and oculomotor reactions are described from his position (for him left, right)

1. Looking up to the right (from him) - a person turns to the future or invents it - visually. (Visual design).
2. A glance simply up or to the left of him - a person in the past, remembers some of his pictures (visual images). (Visual memory, visual recall).
3. Looking horizontally to the right - turns to the future or invents it - auditory (auditory) construction.
4. A defocused look ahead is most likely Trance.
5. Looking horizontally to the left - a person in the past, auditory memories (Auditory Memory).
6. Just looking down or down to the right is an experience, a representation of kinesthetic sensations (Kinesthetics).
7. Looking down to the left - internal monologue or dialogue (a person talks to himself) and speech control (a person carefully chooses words in communication) (Auditory-digital process, internal monologue).

In some sources, everything is described almost the same, only left and right have changed places. Where is the truth? Confusion often arises due to whether we are in the position of an observer in front of a person or looking from his position. In order not to confuse yourself at least, remember a simple thing: in the inner picture life goes on always from left to right. Accordingly, the entire past is on the left. All the future is on the right. Do you remember?

Use of oculomotor reactions

Tracking eye movements can help improve contact with a person by choosing a language in which it is easier for him to speak to him. This also helps to conduct psychological counseling more effectively.

By tracking oculomotor reactions, you can sometimes guess whether a person is telling the truth or making things up. Looks up to the right - most likely he is making it up. At the same time, it is important to know that professional communicators easily control the movement of their eyes, and more precisely, during a conversation, their eyes do not move away, maintaining a calm presence inside and continuous eye contact when interacting with the interlocutor. If you haven’t yet learned how to control your gaze like this, it’s worth it, it’s a very useful skill.

Imagine that this person is looking to the left; then it will be on your right. But you have to remember that these movements will be from that person's point of view, so if their eyes are looking left and up, then from your point of view, they are looking right and up.

Try to imagine this person's eyes.

Just keep in mind that eye movements cannot be read 100% correctly. Watch the person's eye movements when you say something or ask something.

Be aware that routine questions are unlikely to elicit eye cues. When you talk to someone and ask them about their day, they usually answer: “Oh, that was great. How was your day?” Then you won't see any eye signals because they are almost programmed responses.

Pay attention to eye cues when the topic of conversation is important to the other person. When a person is engaged in a conversation, you have some influence on that person, or they give you their full attention, then you are able to see the unconscious signals of the eyes, which will allow you to gain a deeper understanding of what is going on in that person's head.

First, let's look at what it means if a person's eyes look to the left. The left side is usually associated with accessing material from your past, such as images and sounds:

• Imagine for a moment that you are talking to your friend. You discuss your weekend plans and what you want to do.
• You mentioned to a friend about a new disco that recently opened in the city center.
• Your friend says that he has already been there and had a great time and looks up and to the left.
• You ask your friend what music was playing at night when he went there.
• He looks to his left, towards his ear, and says that the music was great and he really had a good evening.
• So what has popular psychology told us about the friend's responses?
• First, he was looking at the top left corner. This reaction suggests that the person is trying to reproduce the pictures in his memory. This means that he is trying to remember the time when he was at the disco and most likely he is telling the truth. When a person looks up and to the left, it means that he is trying to remember something, therefore it happened in the past.
• Be careful and choose your questions carefully. Your friend may say that he wasn't and still look to the left, but think about something of his own.
• You asked a friend about music at a disco. He looked left towards his ear. This tells us that he is trying to remember the music that was played at the disco.

Try this good tester. Ask your friend to describe what his doorbell sounds like. Watch how his eyes move and how he tries to remember that sound. Even if he doesn't have a doorbell, he will still look to his left and try to remember what the doorbell he may have once had sounded like.

Now let's look at what the eyes signal when a person looks to the right:

• Imagine you are telling your friend about your car that you have lent him for the weekend.
• He hands you the keys, but doesn't say anything about the broken headlight.
• You ask him about it and he looks at the top left corner. This suggests that he is trying to remember the picture of the broken headlight, then he looks at the upper right corner and you wait for his answer.
• He tells you that someone hit a car outside the supermarket and drove off.
• Looking at the upper right corner means that a person is creating an image, and this is the main sign that he is lying.
• Keep in mind that your friend may not respond in this way if he has had time to come up with an excuse. In this case, you can ask something that he does not expect, for example, about a car seat that was scorched by a cigarette. Watch his eye movements!
• Then watch the sounds being created; you got it right with this one. If your subject is looking towards the right ear, this is a sure sign that he is trying to create sound.
• There are no strong examples that can be used in this context, you just have to know that this happens.
• You can try asking your friend to imagine a really loud noise, the loudest one he can imagine, and watch his eye movements.

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There are many ways to read not even a person’s thoughts, but his thoughts, his deepest hopes and fears. Anyone can develop the ability to see through people: it is enough to know about several points in the behavior of the interlocutor that you should pay attention to. Practice “reading people” more often, get into this habit, and after a while it will be impossible to deceive you.

All people are different and everyone has their own habits and characteristics. Someone
moves through objects on the table, someone wrinkles his nose funny, shakes his legs,
touches the chin. These behavior patterns can indicate nervousness, mistrust and much more. Or it may be a habit of this person that has nothing to do with what is happening.

That's why it is important to determine which behavior patterns are the norm for a particular person. And then pay attention to any deviations from the norm, to minor changes in the behavior and facial expressions of the interlocutor. The very essence lies in them.

Observe from the side and compare

To complete the picture, it is useful to observe your interlocutor from the outside: how he
behaves before communicating with you, how it communicates with other people, what the language says
his body. During a conversation with you, he will behave somewhat differently, he will
try to impress. By comparing what you see, you will get much more
more information about the person. After the meeting, don’t rush to leave either - see if his mood and behavior have changed.

Always adjust for context

All people in society unconsciously play roles and slightly adapt to each other, mirror the gestures of people they like or those they want to impress. Make allowances for the context in which the person you are trying to read is located, because in different circles there may be different rules. For example, in some countries people look away because it is customary to express respect, and not because they feel awkward.

Wrinkles reflect a person's character. If a person frowns and twists his mouth for years, it will be noticeable. Facial expressions can tell a lot.

• When a person longs to be understood and convincing, he raises his eyebrows and wrinkles his forehead. People who have pronounced longitudinal wrinkles on the forehead spend their entire lives trying to establish contact with others and want to be heard.
• When your interlocutor likes you, his facial muscles relax, his head tilts slightly to one side, and blood rushes to his lips, making them a little plumper and brighter. If meeting you is unpleasant for him, his face will be slightly tense.

• If you see a smile on a person’s face, but no wrinkles form in the corners of his eyes, then he is smiling at you insincerely - this is a fake smile. Such a smile can also indicate that the interlocutor feels uncomfortable.

• Squinting eyes during a conversation (as if a person is trying to make out something small) indicates that he is trying to understand, understand, concentrate and probably feels out of place. If a person looks straight into your eyes with a squinted eye, this signals his distrust and ill will.
• Dilated pupils indicate strong feelings, sympathy, excitement, interest. When a person quickly turns over thoughts in his head, frantically looking for a solution, his eyes dart around.
• If a person avoids direct eye contact or, on the contrary, looks too closely into your eyes, there is a high probability that he is not telling the truth.

Most often, when a person remembers something, his pupils are directed either upwards or to the left and upwards. But when composing and inventing on the go, a person looks to the right and up.

Behavior in a team

In groups, people are grouped according to similarity of views or characters. Observe your interlocutor, find out with whom he prefers to spend time. The way he behaves with people, whether he worries about the convenience of others or unceremoniously interferes with them and does not even notice it, will speak volumes.

• A talkative and verbose person is usually proud and touchy.
• Quiet speech and avoidance of public statements are characteristic of people prone to self-criticism, diligent and insecure.
• If the interlocutor constantly interrupts and hears only himself, he is pessimistic, distrustful and selfish.
• If a person talks a little, this does not always mean that he is constrained. Perhaps this is a sign of success: such people talk less and do more.

We feel that he should not be trusted: having sufficient experience in observing people, we subconsciously and very quickly compare the smallest details of behavior and recreate complete picture. This is how intuition works. It can and should be developed, and you should also listen to it more often. Of course, sometimes we may be wrong in our intuitive assessments, but gradually, with practice and experience, we will make fewer and fewer such mistakes.

Can a person, if desired, hide his true intentions, feelings and fears? Or, knowing the subtleties of behavior, facial expressions and gestures, you can figure out absolutely any person, even the biggest cunning and skillful actor? What do you think?

The gaze controls the flow of the conversation, regulates the activity and distance of the interlocutors. Eye contact helps maintain contact when speaking. People look at each other from 1/3 to 2/3 of the conversation. The one who speaks usually looks less at the partner than the one who listens. This gives him the opportunity to concentrate more on the content of his statements without being distracted. But at the end of his speech, the speaker, as a rule, looks directly into the face of the listener, as if signaling the end of his statement. The one who takes the floor usually first looks away and then begins to speak. If interlocutors look at each other too often, then perhaps they are more interested in the interlocutor himself than in what he is saying. And if a person meets the eyes of a conversation partner less than 1/3 of the time of communication, then it is assumed that he is dishonest or is hiding something.

People often rush to make a judgment about a person based on their gaze: for example, if the person's gaze is direct and open, then the person himself is like that, and if "hides his eyes"- most likely insincere, unfriendly. This conclusion may be hasty. Some people do not want to be looked at, that is, to be the center of attention, so they themselves “hide their eyes” when talking. Others like to attract other people's gazes, to draw attention to themselves, and this may be the reason for their direct gaze, and not the openness of their character. In addition, research shows that if interlocutors are sitting to different parties wide table, they look at each other more often than when talking while sitting at a narrow table. Thus, an increase in the distance between partners is compensated by an increase in the frequency of glances. The emotions experienced during a conversation also influence the gaze: positive emotions are accompanied by an increase in the number of glances; when discussing a pleasant topic, it is easy to look into the eyes of the interlocutor. Negative feelings are characterized by a refusal to look at the interlocutor - we avoid doing this if we are talking about something less pleasant.

The eyes can make various movements during a conversation. It is useful to be able to read these signals for more effective interaction with people. Here are examples of such movements. Downward eye movement(lowers his eyes) indicates that the person is very worried about what others have said. Eyes pointing up and to the left, mean that the listener is completely absorbed in the content of the speech. Eyes pointing up and to the right, show that the listener is characterized by great attentiveness and an attempt to compare what is said with his own experience and knowledge.

Below are various types views and some reasons for their appearance.

A person’s self-esteem and his status position influence how often people look at each other in the process of communication, then one can observe simultaneously two views - “bottom-up” and “top-down”. The first look “from below - up” - the head is bowed, and the eyes seem to be forced to look up - can be seen when a person wants to serve, emphasize his attention, humility. This view is also found in secretive people, aggressive, calculating (they also have tension throughout their body). Often this look is observed in anxious, restless people, modest and shy, conscientious and dutiful.

If a person during a conversation lowers, he seems to be trying for some reason to remove the other from his field of vision, perhaps he is unpleasant or uninteresting to him. Having noticed such a look from your interlocutor, you need to keep in mind: something causes a negative reaction and something needs to be changed, if, of course, the partners are interested in successful interaction. But sometimes people close their eyes briefly during a conversation because they agree and approve of the words of their communication partner. Thus, the same sign, considered outside the context of communication, may be incorrectly assessed.

If the interlocutor stares for a long time with a fixed (“glazed over”) gaze, this most likely means that he misses half of what was said, perhaps something is pressing on him, he is uneasy, most likely, at the moment he is not in control of the situation.

When the other person is listening sincerely, he may unconsciously roll his eyes, this lively restless look- a sign that he is making an effort to fully comprehend the meaning of the words, he is interested in the conversation, and is looking forward to an important discussion. But if rotational movements too fast - this may be a signal of his insecurity.

Business look is aimed at a triangle formed by a combination of three points - the eyes and the middle. If during a business contact you look at this triangle most of the time, then you can create a serious, businesslike tone for the conversation. This view is also called direct; it accompanies openness and readiness to communicate, truthfulness of statements, and free discussion of pressing problems. A consolidated, centered view can also be classified as a type of business view. When the pupils of discussion partners shift from the centers to each other and freeze in this position, the partners seem to see a problem in front of them. This view appears when discussing a specific, complex and urgent situation.

Social (“secular”) view most suitable for neutral communication. The gaze of one of the communicators drops below the eye level of the other to his and falls into the “eyes-mouth” triangle.

Intimate look occurs when the gaze shifts downward to other parts of the interlocutor’s body. The interlocutors seem to touch each other's gaze, often without noticing it themselves.

Side view can be seen when the pupils of the eyes simultaneously move to the right or left; this is how they look when they do not trust, are critical, or have a negative attitude towards a person or information. If the eyes are narrowed, then mistrust is accompanied by aggressive emotions, and if they are open, then the person wants to hide fear.

often appears in a person who is used to controlling the situation and managing it. He carefully monitors everything that happens around him. Less often, a sideways glance serves as a message of interest.

Looking sideways over your shoulder most often carries information about contempt for the one with whom you have to communicate, about a great reluctance to open up even in small things.

Averting glance abandoned by people who are fearful, timid, and often feel guilty where there is none. It is also found among those who want to deceive others. This look is unpleasant - it constantly moves from face to face, from hands to elements of clothing, then to others and back to the face. You never know what this person really thinks, even if he agrees with you, he has no faith. Among the evasive glances one can single out thief's gaze(fleeting escape of the eyes from the oncoming gaze) and miser's look and the deceiver (eyes darting quickly in all directions, eyebrows in the form of thin ropes).

Appraising glance, or a look when meeting someone. This way (“from head to toe”) only a person who is confident in the situation and capable of managing it examines another.

Dull look can be seen in very calm, unemotional people or in any person in a boring, boring or familiar situation. It may appear that the person is falling asleep. This may be the look of a lazy, narrow-minded person, whose face is distinguished by bulging, watery eyes with a gaze slowly moving from object to object.

Aggressively insulting look demonstrated by those who like to show their obvious superiority, strength, and are ready to “crush” another. On such a face there is contempt or emptiness, no emotions, as if they do not see the interlocutor.

Piercing gaze often found among those who are vested with power and have the right, as a matter of duty, to demand the implementation of laws, work, reports, instructions and, in addition, have the right to accuse.

Controlling gaze characteristic of observant people who monitor the slightest actions, movements and words of those around them.

Greasy look- this is a groping, unceremonious, furtive glance. Often accompanied by a wink. A variation of this look can be considered the look of a lascivious person - but, the eyelids are blue.

Enchanted look can be seen in a person in a state of exaltation, captured by strong emotional experiences close to ecstasy.

“The eyes are the mirror of the soul,” as one famous proverb says, and indeed, by looking at a person’s eyes you can learn a lot about who you are dealing with. With the help of the eyes, a person transmits many unconscious signals, by which one can understand whether he is lying or telling the truth, whether he is angry or, conversely, is in a good mood. The direction of the gaze to the right, left, up or down may indicate certain thought processes occurring in his head, while the person himself usually does not pay attention to where his gaze is directed, everything happens automatically. Having learned to read body language by looking, you will begin to see literally right through a person - with the help of words you can easily mislead about your intentions, but making your eyes tell lies is much more difficult. Body language is probably the most truthful source of information about a person, but the first thing you should pay attention to is their gaze. In this article, we'll look at several common nonverbal cues conveyed by a person's gaze and eyes.

Reading body language, gaze and other eye signals:

Signal	Meaning	Details
Normal look to the right	Fiction, guesswork, lies, fiction	Looking to the right may indicate thinking about the next statement. Depending on the context, this eye signal could indicate an attempt to mislead you, or a story being created on the fly. If the gaze is directed to the right and downward, it is assumed that the person is appealing to feelings - this can indicate sincerity, or, depending on the context and personality of the person, an attempt to deceive you.
Normal look to the left	Remembering, accessing memory, retrieving facts	A glance to the left most likely indicates that a person is accessing information from his memory. Most likely, what he says in this case is true, at least for him. Looking to the left and down can indicate an ongoing internal dialogue, an attempt to come to an opinion, a decision.
Look up right	Imagination, fiction, lies	If a person looks to the right and up, this may indicate that he is addressing creative imagination. You should be alerted by the transition of his gaze to the right and upward at the moment when, by definition, he should remember something or give facts.
Extreme look to the left	Imagining sounds	The transition of the gaze to the left may indicate an attempt to imagine sounds. The person may then imagine what the other person might say or invent what they have been told in the past.
Look down right	Appeal to the senses	This non-verbal signal indicates that your imagination is being activated, but it is unlikely to be an attempt to deceive you. This is how a person refers to his feelings and emotions regarding something. To correctly interpret this signal, one must look at the context and other accompanying body signals.
Look up left	Link to images from memory	If a person's gaze is directed upward to the left, this may indicate that he is trying to extract facts or any other information from the past from memory.
Extreme look to the left	Retrieving sounds from memory	Looking to the left involves recalling sounds from memory, so this signal is read as remembering or thinking about what the other person, or himself, said.
Look left down	Internal dialogue, rationalization	Looking down to the left speaks about the internal dialogue taking place in a person’s head regarding things happening around him, which is significantly different from looking down to the right, when a person is immersed in his feelings.
Direct eye contact while speaking	Sincerity, or deliberate covering up of lies	Direct eye contact usually indicates the sincerity of the interlocutor, and indicates that he has nothing to hide. But don't let this sign relax you, because people prone to fraud are aware of this circumstance and can easily maintain direct eye contact to hide the lie.
Direct eye contact while listening	Attentive listening, interest	A person's gaze, focused on the eyes of the speaker, usually indicates that this person is interested in the interlocutor or the subject of discussion. In some cases, it can be seen as a signal that the “looker” finds the “speaker” attractive.
Eyes Wide Open	Interest, call, invitation	Wide eyes, like direct eye contact when listening, can indicate a person's interest in the interlocutor or the subject of conversation, as well as the expectation of a positive response from the interlocutor. Together with raised eyebrows, this signal can be associated with surprise or shock, in addition, sometimes this signal serves as a sign of greeting. Wide eyes in women can be read as a way of increasing attractiveness, in some cases a sign of interest, and much more, depending on the context.
Rubbing the eye or eyes	Disbelief, frustration or fatigue	Rubbing the eyes or one eye can indicate disbelief in one's eyes, as well as frustration, or fatigue associated with boredom or the need for sleep. Accompanied by frequent blinking, rubbing the eyes may indicate fatigue.
Rolling eyes	Disappointment, frustration	Rolling the eyes upward may serve as a signal of disappointment or irritation; internally the person exclaims something like: “Oh God, where have I gotten myself into?”
Pupil dilation	Attraction, desire	A person’s pupils dilate in the dark and contract in the light; this is their natural reaction to a given stimulus. In other cases, dilation of the pupils may be caused by attraction to an object of the opposite sex, or interest and desire to get something.
Frequent blinking	Excitement, tension	The normal frequency of human blinking is six to twenty times per minute. An increase in this number of blinks is usually explained by an increase in excitement or tension, and the frequency of blinks can increase up to a hundred times per minute. This signal should not be considered a reliable sign of lying.
Raising eyebrows	Greeting, surprise	The rapid raising and lowering of the eyebrows is considered a greeting signal that came to us from primates; this signal is used consciously. Raising your eyebrows and holding them up for a while can be a sign of fear or surprise.

You can read a lot from a person’s eyes, a lot simply cannot be hidden from view, but to understand what exactly a person feels and thinks, it is not enough to be able to read their eyes. It is necessary to look at the context in which certain body signals appear, and it is necessary to look at and take into account many other body language signals, including gestures, facial expressions, body position and breathing rate. In the following articles, we will try to analyze as many body language signals as possible so that you can build a more accurate understanding of the people with whom you communicate. Good luck to you!