50-59 (new model from 10/01/2008)
Geography [ | ]
Namangan is located in the northern part of the Fergana Valley, 200 km southeast of Tashkent (about 300 km by road). Height 476 m above sea level.
The Davlatabad district of Namangan was abolished in 2003 and is directly subordinated to the city khokimiyat (administration). .
The territory of the city until 2016 was 101.5 km²; in 2016, parts of the territory of Namangan, Uycha and Yangikurgan districts were annexed to the city, as a result of which the area of the city increased to 145 km².
Population [ | ]
Representatives of 20 nationalities live in the city, the vast majority are Uzbeks. As of 2011, their share was 95.9% of the city's population. The share of the Russian-speaking population of Namangan decreased sharply after the collapse of the USSR, the majority of whom left for other countries, primarily Russia.
The increased population growth in 2016 is explained by the annexation of part of the territories of Namangan, Uychinsky and Yangikurgan districts to the city of Namangan this year.
According to the general census of the Russian Empire conducted on January 28 (February 9), 1897. by directly surveying the entire population on the same date, in accordance with the “Regulations on the First General Census of the Russian Empire” approved in 1895, Namangan was big city in Central Asia. Population and national composition Fergana region by city in 1897:
| total | sarts | Uzbeks | Tajiks | Persians | Russians | Ukrainians | Kyrgyz | Kashgarians | Turkic adverbs not distributed |
Poles | Germans | gypsies | Jews | Tatars |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 62 017 | 52 890 | 6 | 691 | 52 | 822 | 204 | 48 | 10 | 6 670 | 192 | 46 | 2 | 110 | 194 |
Story [ | ]
Founding of the city[ | ]
It is believed that the name “Namangan” comes from the Persian “Namak kan” (نمککان) - “salt mine”. Archaeological excavations have shown the presence of a settlement on the territory modern city(in the area of the stone bridge across) in the first centuries AD. According to legend, on the territory of the settlement there was a lake where table salt was mined. The first mentions of the actual locality Namangan dates back to the end of the 15th century, and since 1610, Namangan became a city. Residents of Akhsikent, destroyed by the earthquake, moved to Namangan.
In the development of Namangan huge role The digging of the Yangiaryk canal in 1819-1821 played a role. Russian traveler and geographer A.F. Middendorf, who visited Namangan in 1878, wrote:
How was one of the latest creations - Yangiaryk in Namangan district - realized? One worker was required from each yard; armed with his ketmen, he had to work on his grub for 15 days to construct a water canal. After 3 years, a small flow of water was achieved, and then, over the next 10 years, the canal was expanded and deepened
A.F. Middendorf. Sketches of the Fergana Valley, St. Petersburg, 1882.
Namangan was known as a craft center, where potters, weavers, coppersmiths, blacksmiths, dyers, jewelers, fabric printers, and shoemakers lived. Horticulture and sericulture were developed, and trade with China, Bukhara and neighboring nomadic tribes flourished. Being part of the Khanate of Kokand, Namangan experienced endless civil strife, devastating wars and raids that undermined the city's economy. In 1843, the son of the Kokand ruler Sheralikhan Khudoyarkhan was bek in Namangan. In 1845, Musulmankul took 16-year-old Khudoyar from Namangan to Kokand and proclaimed him khan.
As part of the Russian Empire[ | ]
Endless intrigues, coups and subsequent unrest led to Namangan joining the uprising against Khudoyarkhan in 1873-76. Tsar Alexander II, supporting Khudoyarkhan, sent troops to suppress the uprising. On September 26, 1875, General Skobelev, having crossed the Syr Darya, occupied the city. However, a month later, in October, the rebels captured Namangan and the Russian garrison, fortified in the citadel, with difficulty repelled the rebel attacks. Then Skobelev, having brought up additional forces, subjected Namangan to artillery bombardment, and having knocked out the rebels from the city, he finally annexed it to the Russian Empire. After the inclusion of the territory of the Kokand Khanate into the empire, the city became the center of the Namangan district of the Fergana region.
With the accession to Russia, industrial, commercial and banking capital began to penetrate into Central Asia at a rapid pace. According to statistics, in 1892, 28 different enterprises operated in the Namangan district, employing 704 workers. The cotton processing industry developed rapidly. The largest scale of production was distinguished by 20 cotton gin plants, which produced 81.5% of all gross industrial output.
Due to the development of the cotton processing industry, the demand for raw cotton has increased enormously. In 1892, the gross cotton harvest in the county was 22.6 thousand tons from 21.5 thousand hectares, the yield was 10.5 centners. There were 10 cotton gin plants in Namangan, of which 4 were steam, the rest were water; two lard factories, 8 soap factories, 10 tanneries, one vodka factory; 15 flour mills, 65 oil mills, 3 crushers, 9 pottery, 2 brick and 4 iron-smelting workshops.
Coat of arms of Namangan, Russian Empire
The development of industry was also reflected in the growth of the population of Namangan. If, according to the 1897 census, 62,017 people lived in it, then in 1910 there were already 75,580 people. Namangan ranked first in the Fergana Valley in terms of the number of schools and maktabs. 1 parish school, 1 Russian-native school successfully operated in the city primary school with evening courses for adults and 68 Muslim maktabs. There was a hospital with 20 beds.
In 1912, Namangan was connected by railway to Kokand. Namangan has turned into one of the industrial centers and the second city after Tashkent in the Turkestan General Government in terms of population. At this time, many buildings and structures were built, among them.
On October 22, 1908, along with other coats of arms of the Fergana region, the coat of arms of the city of Namangan was approved. His description was like this:
In the scarlet shield there are three silver silkworms curled into a ring. In the free part the coat of arms of the Fergana region
Under Soviet rule[ | ]
Since the end of 1917, armed clashes between the Bolsheviks and counter-revolutionary forces periodically took place in the city. In April 1920, the commander of the Turkestan Front and member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee for Turkestan Affairs M.V. Frunze visited Namangan and stayed for several days. Together with him, the Chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on Turkestan Affairs Sh.Z. Eliava and the Chairman of the Margilan Union “Koshchi” Yuldash Akhunbabaev arrived in Namangan. Around mid-1923, the Red Army managed to suppress the Basmach movement in the district.
Independent Uzbekistan[ | ]
After Uzbekistan gained independence, Namangan remained regional center Namangan region. In the first half of the 1990s, non-governmental pseudo-Islamic organizations functioned in the city (Tovba, Islam Lashkarlari). These organizations aimed to build the so-called “caliphate” in the Fergana Valley. This led to a tense social situation in the city. However, by the mid-1990s, the authorities managed to restore order in the city. Prominent activists of the pseudo-Islamic movement were forced to flee the country and the influence of gangs began to decline.
Transport [ | ]
In the 1989/1990 season, playing in the “East” zone of the Second League of the USSR Championship, “Navbahor” scored 58 points and took second place, behind the Fergana “Neftyanik”. This allowed the club to rise from the second league and the 1990/1991 season, “Navbahor” spent in the first league of the USSR championship.
The so-called Islam Lashkarlari group was divided into two wings:
A) "Adolat" or "Party Congress-9". Members of the group, having arrogated to themselves the functions of law enforcement agencies, were arbitrarily engaged in maintaining public order. At the same time, Sharia laws were proclaimed as legal norms. Members of the group repeatedly committed acts of lynching and murder of police officers. This wing of Islom Lashkarlari was defeated in March-April 1992.
b) "Wahhabis". The main attention was paid to the discussion of religious issues. The head is Tohir Yuldash. Members of the organization were divided into groups of 20-50 people. The number of groups reached 60. The group maintained connections with Hizb ut-Tahrir.
Also, in 1992-1995, the Tovba (Tauba) group operated in the city and region, under the leadership of Juma Namangani. The number of members reached 300 people. The organization, adhering to religious views, condemned the deaths of conscripts and hazing in the army.
The activities of the Wahhabis reached their greatest extent in 1992-93. Taking advantage of the weakness of the new authorities, they widely demonstrated their strength by engaging in lynching, allegedly justifying their actions by Sharia law. But in 1993, the authorities began the first stage of the fight against gangs. As a result, a number of criminal organizations were defeated, and their leader Tohir Yuldash, along with his associates, fled to Afghanistan.
After the terrorist attacks in Tashkent on February 16, 1999, representatives of gangs were subjected to repression and persecution. The Mullo Kyrgyz Mosque (Otaullokhon) was taken over by the state. Today the situation is under full control of the authorities.
Geography
Namangan is located in the northern part of the Fergana Valley, 200 km southeast of Tashkent (about 300 km by road). Height 476 m above sea level.
The territory of the city of Namangan and the former Davlatabad district now constitute a single administrative-territorial entity.
Population
Namangan is the second most populous city in Uzbekistan after Tashkent. The majority of the ethnic composition of the city's population is Uzbeks. The percentage of Namangan's Russian-speaking population decreased sharply after the collapse of the USSR. The majority of the city's Russian-speaking population left for other countries. However, a small percentage of Russian speakers still live in Namangan.
Story
In ancient times
The word “Namangan” comes from the Persian “Namak kan” (نمککان) - “salt mine”. Archaeological excavations have shown the presence of a settlement on the territory of the modern city (in the area of the stone bridge over Namangansai) in the first centuries AD. The first mentions of Namangan date back to the end of the 15th century, the city dates back to 1610. In 1620, residents of Akhsikent, destroyed by an earthquake, moved to the city of Namangan.
The digging of the Yangiaryk canal in 1819-1821 played a huge role in the development of Namangan. Russian traveler and geographer A. F. Middendorf, who visited Namangan in 1878, wrote:
How was one of the latest creations - Yangiaryk in Namangan district - realized? One worker was required from each yard; Armed with his ketmen, he had to work on his grub for 15 days to construct a water supply canal. After 3 years, a small flow of water was achieved, and then, over the next 10 years, the canal was expanded and deepened
A. F. Middendorf. Sketches of the Fergana Valley, St. Petersburg, 1882.
Namangan was known as a craft center where potters, weavers, coppersmiths, blacksmiths, dyers, jewelers, fabric printers, and shoemakers lived. Gardening, sericulture, and trade with China, Bukhara and neighboring nomadic tribes were developed. Being part of the Khanate of Kokand, Namangan experienced endless civil strife, devastating wars and raids that undermined the city's economy. In 1843, the son of the Kokand ruler Sheralikhan Khudoyarkhan was a bek in Namangan. In 1845, Musulmankul took 16-year-old Khudoyar from Namangan to Kokand and proclaimed him khan.
As part of the Russian Empire
Endless intrigues, coups and unrest that followed led to Namangan, in 1873-76, joining the uprising against Khudoyarkhan. Tsar Alexander II, supporting Khudoyarkhan, sent troops to suppress the uprising. On September 26, 1875, General Skobelev, having crossed the Syr Darya, occupied the city. However, a month later, in October, the rebels captured Namangan and the Russian garrison, fortified in the citadel, with difficulty repelled the rebel attacks. Then Skobelev, having brought up additional forces, subjected Namangan to artillery bombardment, and having knocked out the rebels from the city, he finally annexed it to the Russian Empire. After the inclusion of the territory of the Kokand Khanate into the empire, the city became the center of the Namangan district of the Fergana region.
With the accession to Russia, industrial, commercial and banking capital began to penetrate into Central Asia at a rapid pace. According to statistics, in 1892, 28 different enterprises operated in the Namangan district, employing 704 workers. The cotton processing industry developed rapidly. The largest scale of production was distinguished by 20 cotton gin plants, which produced 81.5 percent of all gross industrial output. Due to the development of the cotton processing industry, the demand for raw cotton has increased enormously. In 1892, the gross cotton harvest in the county was 22.6 thousand tons from 21.5 thousand hectares, the yield was 10.5 centners. There were 10 cotton gin plants in Namangan, of which 4 were steam, the rest were water; two lard factories, 8 soap factories, 10 tanneries, one vodka factory; 15 flour mills, 65 oil mills, 3 crushers, 9 pottery, 2 brick and 4 iron smelting workshops.
Coat of arms of Namangan, Russian Empire
The development of industry was also reflected in the growth of the population of Namangan. If, according to the 1897 census, 62,017 people lived in it, then in 1910 there were already 75,580 people. Namangan ranked first in the Fergana Valley in terms of the number of schools and maktabs. The city successfully operated 1 parish school, 1 Russian-native primary school with evening courses for adults and 68 Muslim maktabs. There was a hospital with 20 beds.
In 1912, Namangan was connected by railway to Kokand. Namangan has turned into one of the industrial centers and the second city after Tashkent in the Turkestan General Government in terms of population. During this period, many buildings and structures were built, among them the Khojamna-Kabra mausoleum and the Mulla-Kirgiz madrasah.
On October 22, 1908, along with other coats of arms of the Fergana region, the coat of arms of the city of Namangan was approved. His description was like this:
In the scarlet shield there are three silver silkworms curled into a ring. In the free part the coat of arms of the Fergana region
On May 10, 1917, a meeting of workers took place in the city, and in June 1917, the Muslim Council of Workers' Deputies was created in the city. Since the end of 1917, armed clashes between the Bolsheviks and counter-revolutionary forces periodically took place in the city. In April 1920, the commander of the Turkestan Front and member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee for Turkestan Affairs, M. V. Frunze, visited Namangan and stayed for several days. Together with him, the Chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on Turkestan Affairs Sh. Z. Eliava and the Chairman of the Margilan Union “Koshchi” Yuldash Akhunbabaev arrived in Namangan. Around mid-1923, the Red Army managed to suppress the Basmach movement in the district. As a result of the national-state demarcation of 1924, 10 volosts (Chatkal, Alabukinsk, Aim, etc.) were separated from the territory of Namangan district, which became part of the Kyrgyz Autonomous Republic.
Independent Uzbekistan
After Uzbekistan gained independence, Namangan remained the regional center of the Namangan region. In the first half of the 90s of the twentieth century, non-governmental Islamic organizations functioned in the city (Tovba, Islam Lashkarlari). These organizations aimed to build an Islamic caliphate in the Fergana Valley. This led to a tense social situation in the city. However, by the mid-90s, the authorities managed to restore order in the city. Prominent activists of the Islamic movement were forced to flee the country and the influence of the Islamists began to wane.
Transport
Football in Namangan
Logo of the football club "Navbahor"
Football is one of the most popular sports in Namangan. In the championship of Uzbekistan, Namangan is represented by the Navbakhor club. The club was founded in 1974 and was first called “Textilshchik”. However, failures forced the then leadership of the region to change the sign and the club was renamed in 1983 to “Avtomobilist”, and in 1988 to “Navbahor”. During Soviet times, the club played in the second league of the USSR championship and did not have any special achievements. At the end of the 1990 season, Navbakhor managed to get out of the second league and the last union championship in 1991, Navbakhor held in the first league, where it took ninth place. After the declaration of independence of Uzbekistan, the club firmly established itself in the top league of the Uzbekistan championship. In 1996, “Navbahor” became the champion of Uzbekistan, in the seasons 1993-94-95, 1997, 1999, 2003 and 2004, winner of bronze medals, and in the seasons of 1992 and 1995, winner of the Uzbekistan Cup. In 1998, having defeated the Fergana “Neftchi” in the final of the Uzbekistan Cup, “Navbahor” won the Cup for the third time and left him in the club forever. In 1999, Navbakhor became the first winner of the Uzbekistan Super Cup. Many Navbakhor players played for the Uzbekistan national team. In 2006, “Navbahor” was renamed “Navbahor-N”. “Navbakhor” has its own stadium, with the same name, located in the 3rd microdistrict of Davlatabad. Official website: www.pfc-navbahor.uz
Islam in Namangan
Namangan, a city with strong Muslim traditions. Even in years Soviet power Namangan Islamist scientists occupied leading positions in religious institutions Bukhara and Tashkent, worked as imams in the largest mosques Central Asia. We can say with confidence that Namangan is still the center of Islam in the CIS. During the period 1990 - 92, the population of the city, on a voluntary basis and without economic assistance from the state, erected dozens of mosques. In 1997, their number in the city reached 270, and throughout the Namangan region - more than 690. Under Soviet power (as of January 1, 1987), in the Namangan region, with a population of 1.4 million people, there were only 3 operating mosques, and before the October Revolution of 1917, there were more than 400 of them with a population of 180 thousand people.
At the end of the 80s, Islamic traditions began to revive again in the city. The reason was the weakening of Soviet power and the paralysis of communist ideology. Gradually, the city again became one of the Islamic centers in Central Asia. Prominent leaders of the radical Islamic opposition in Central Asia, Tohir Yuldash and Juma Namangani, are natives of Namangan.
Since 1990, adherents of a new brand of Islam, which had some differences from the traditional interpretation when performing namaz and performing other religious rituals, began to gather in the Mullo Kyrgyz mosque (Otaullokhon). They could not be called Wahhabis, Shiites, or Sunnis. The mosque was open to any believer. At first, adherents of both movements coexisted peacefully, but in most mosques, joint prayer with adherents of the new movement was prohibited.
Radical Islamic youth organizations began to emerge around the Mullo Kirghiz (Otaullokhon) mosque. One of the largest religious and political groups that functioned in Namangan in the late 80s - early 90s was “Islom Lashkarlari” (“Warriors of Islam”). They made the Mullo Kirghiz (Otaullokhon) mosque their stronghold. The imam of the mosque was an ardent supporter of the radical Islamic movement of Wahhabism, Abd al-Ahad, a follower of Rahmatullah Allama.
Taking advantage of the general situation of chaos that accompanied the collapse of the USSR, the Wahhabis established a channel for receiving financial assistance from Islamic organizations and foundations in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf countries. With the funds received, they began to publish and distribute radical literature and conduct ideological work. The city was visited more than once by foreign Muslim preachers, meetings with whom took place in front of a large crowd of people.
However, over time, Wahhabis began to call for the overthrow of the existing system, the establishment of a caliphate and the introduction of Sharia law. There were repeated calls for the physical extermination of infidels, law enforcement officers, communists and their families. There were numerous cases of intimidation of women wearing European clothes. In 1990, Wahhabis surrounded the building of the Namangan Regional Prosecutor's Office and demanded that all criminal cases brought against their supporters be given to them. Their demand was satisfied and the resulting criminal cases were burned in front of the prosecutor's office.
The growth in the number of adherents of Wahhabism and their activity began to worry adherents of traditional Islam. In 1991, this led to several confrontations. Several times, thousands of townspeople gathered at the gates of the Mullo Kirghiz (Otaullokhon) mosque, demanding its closure. According to some unverified information, a new movement of Islamists in the Otaullokhon mosque and other mosques was organized with the help of the KGB of the USSR in order to divide believers into two warring camps.
After the declaration of independence of Uzbekistan, Namangan became a stronghold of Wahhabism in Central Asia. The Mullo Kirghiz (Otaullokhon) mosque remained the center of the Wahhabists. During this period, the most powerful group was Islam Lashkarlari. The group was divided into two wings:
A) "Adolat" or "Party Congress-9". Members of the group, having arrogated to themselves the functions of law enforcement agencies, were arbitrarily engaged in maintaining public order. At the same time, Sharia laws were proclaimed as legal norms. Members of the group repeatedly committed acts of lynching and murder of police officers. This wing of Islom Lashkarlari was defeated in March-April 1992.
b) "Wahhabis". The main attention was paid to the discussion of religious issues. The head is Tohir Yuldash. Members of the organization were divided into groups of 20-50 people. The number of groups reached 60. The group maintained connections with Hizb ut-Tahrir.
Also, in 1992-1995, the Tovba (Tauba) group operated in the city and region, under the leadership of Juma Namangani. The number of members reached 300 people. The organization, adhering to religious views, condemned the deaths of conscripts and hazing in the army.
The activities of the Wahhabis reached their greatest extent in 1992-93. Taking advantage of the weakness of the new authorities, they widely demonstrated their strength, engaging in lynching, justifying their actions by Sharia law. But in 1993, the authorities began the first stage of the fight against the Islamists. As a result, a number of Islamic organizations were destroyed, and their leader Tohir Yuldash, along with his comrades, fled to
Namangan(Uzb. Namangan) is a city in Uzbekistan, the administrative center of the Namangan region. Population - 341 thousand inhabitants (2007). The second most populous city in Uzbekistan.
Geography
Namangan is located in the northern part of the Fergana Valley, 200 km southeast of Tashkent (about 300 km by road). Height 476 m above sea level.
The territory of the city of Namangan and the former Davlatabad district now constitute a single administrative-territorial entity.
Population
Namangan is the second most populous city in Uzbekistan after Tashkent. In the ethnic composition of the city's population, Tajiks make up the majority of 52%. Also living are Uzbeks 35%, Kyrgyz 10%, arriving mainly from rural areas of the Namangan region. The percentage of Namangan's Russian-speaking population decreased sharply after the collapse of the USSR. The majority of the city's Russian-speaking population has left for other countries. However, a small percentage of Russian speakers still live in Namangan.
Story
In ancient times
The word Namangan comes from the Persian Namak kan (نمککان) - salt mine. Archaeological excavations have shown the presence of a settlement on the territory of the modern city (in the area of the stone bridge over Namangansai) in the first centuries AD. The first mentions of Namangan date back to the end of the 15th century, the city dates back to 1610. In 1620, residents of Akhsikent, destroyed by an earthquake, moved to Namangan.
The digging of the Yangiaryk canal in 1819-1821 played a huge role in the development of Namangan. Russian traveler and geographer A.F. Middendorf, who visited Namangan in 1878, wrote:
How one of the latest creations came to fruition - Yangiaryk in Namangan district One worker was required from each household; Armed with his ketmen, he had to work on his grub for 15 days to construct a water supply canal. After 3 years, a small flow of water was achieved, and then, over the next 10 years, the canal was expanded and deepened.
Namangan was known as a craft center where potters, weavers, coppersmiths, blacksmiths, dyers, jewelers, fabric printers, and shoemakers lived. Gardening, sericulture, and trade with China, Bukhara and neighboring nomadic tribes were developed. Being part of the Kokand Khanate, Namangan experienced endless civil strife, devastating wars and raids that undermined the city's economy. In 1843, the son of the Kokand ruler Sheralikhan Khudoyarkhan was a bek in Namangan. In 1845, Musulmankul took 16-year-old Khudoyar from Namangan to Kokand and proclaimed him khan.
Included Russian Empire
Endless intrigues, coups and unrest that followed led to Namangan, in 1873-76, joining the uprising against Khudoyarkhan. Tsar Alexander II, supporting Khudoyarkhan, sent troops to suppress the uprising. On September 26, 1875, General Skobelev, having crossed the Syr Darya, occupied the city. However, a month later, in October, the rebels captured Namangan and the Russian garrison, fortified in the citadel, with difficulty repelled the rebel attacks. Then Skobelev, having brought up additional forces, subjected Namangan to artillery bombardment, and having knocked out the rebels from the city, he finally annexed it to the Russian Empire. After the inclusion of the territory of the Kokand Khanate into the empire, the city became the center of the Namangan district of the Fergana region.
With the accession to Russia, industrial, commercial and banking capital began to penetrate into Central Asia at a rapid pace. According to statistics, in 1892, 28 different enterprises operated in the Namangan district, employing 704 workers. The cotton processing industry developed rapidly. The largest scale of production was distinguished by 20 cotton gin plants, which produced 81.5 percent of all gross industrial output. Due to the development of the cotton processing industry, the demand for raw cotton has increased enormously. In 1892, the gross cotton harvest in the county was 22.6 thousand tons from 21.5 thousand hectares, the yield was 10.5 centners. There were 10 cotton ginning factories in Namangan, of which 4 were steam, the rest were water; two lard factories, 8 soap factories, 10 tanneries, one vodka factory; 15 flour mills, 65 oil mills, 3 crushers, 9 pottery, 2 brick and 4 iron smelting workshops.
The development of industry was also reflected in the growth of the population of Namangan. If, according to the 1897 census, 62,017 people lived in it, then in 1910 there were already 75,580 people. Namangan ranked first in the Fergana Valley in terms of the number of schools and maktabs. The city successfully operated 1 parish school, 1 Russian-native primary school with evening courses for adults and 68 Muslim maktabs. There was a hospital with 20 beds.
In 1912, Namangan was connected by railway to Kokand. Namangan has turned into one of the industrial centers and the second city after Tashkent in the Turkestan General Government in terms of population. During this period, many buildings and structures were built, among them the Khojamna-Kabra mausoleum and the Mulla-Kirgiz madrasah.
On October 22, 1908, along with other coats of arms of the Fergana region, the coat of arms of the city of Namangan was approved. His description was like this:
In the scarlet shield there are three silver silkworms curled into a ring. In the free part the coat of arms of the Fergana region
Under Soviet rule
On May 10, 1917, a meeting of workers took place in the city, and in June 1917, the Muslim Council of Workers' Deputies was created in the city. Since the end of 1917, armed clashes between the Bolsheviks and counter-revolutionary forces periodically took place in the city. In April 1920, the commander of the Turkestan Front and member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee for Turkestan Affairs M.V. visited Namangan and stayed for several days. Frunze. Together with him, Chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on Turkestan Affairs Eliava and Chairman of the Margilan Union “Koshchi” Yuldash Akhunbabaev arrived in Namangan. Around mid-1923, the Red Army managed to suppress the Basmach movement in the district. As a result of the national-state delimitation of 1924, 10 volosts (Chatkal, Alabukinsk, Aim, etc.) were separated from the territory of the Namangan district, which became part of the Kyrgyz autonomous republic.
In 1926, the city experienced a strong earthquake.
Collectivization, which began in 1927, was accompanied by massive discontent among the population and armed uprisings, which lasted until the end of the second five-year plan (1937).
In 1930, in Namangan there were 17 first-level schools and two advanced schools: one seven-year and one nine-year, and 307 literacy schools operated. There were 2 kindergartens, 2 orphanages and 6 playgrounds. A pedagogical college and a medical workers' school operated in the city. There were 7 clubs, 31 red corners, 2 libraries, 3 cinemas and 1 museum-zoo. 18 treatment and preventive institutions were opened. On June 15, 1932, on the initiative of Hamza Hakim-zadeh Niyazi, the regional music and drama theater named after Alisher Navoi was opened in Namangan, which is still functioning today. On March 10, 1941, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the formation of the Namangan region was adopted, and Namangan became its administrative center.
During the Great Patriotic War A Russian drama theater evacuated from Voroshilovgrad operated in the city and returned to Voroshilovgrad in 1943. In 1941-1943, the all-Union design institute GIPROIV and the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Artificial Fiber (VNIIV) were evacuated in Namangan. Also, from September 1942 to the spring of 1945, in Namangan, as well as Fergana, Andijan and Uchkurgan, the Armavir Military Aviation School of Pilots (AVASHP), the current Armavir Flight School (AVVAKUL), was temporarily based. During the war, the Namangan chemical plant produced parachute lines. About 24 thousand Namangan people died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.
From December 3 to December 5, 1990, ethnic riots occurred in the city. On December 2, local hooligans started a quarrel and fight with the military on the bus. 5 soldiers died Soviet Army, whom hooligans burned on the same bus where the fight took place. Three civilians were also killed. Order was restored only by December 5th.
In 1990, the first in the USSR, the official training center of oriental medicine for training specialists in non-contact massage, using the method of Juna Davitashvili (Psychics) was opened in Namangan with the issuance of an official document at the ONIL DD IOF AS USSR. (Industrial scientific research laboratory remote diagnostics of the Institute of General Physics of the Academy of Sciences USSR) Organizer and leader - Madaminov Takhir Kasymovich.
Independent Uzbekistan
After Uzbekistan gained independence, Namangan remained the regional center of the Namangan region. In the first half of the 90s of the twentieth century, non-governmental Islamic organizations functioned in the city (Tovba, Islam Lashkarlari). These organizations aimed to build an Islamic caliphate in the Fergana Valley. This led to a tense social situation in the city. However, by the mid-90s, the authorities managed to restore order in the city. Prominent activists of the Islamic movement were forced to flee the country and the influence of the Islamists began to wane.
Transport
Namangan Airport is located 12 km from the city center.
The Namangan railway station is operational.
Trolleybuses have been running in Namangan since 1973. Irregularity of work public transport(buses and trolleybuses), have led to the fact that the bulk of passenger transportation is carried out by private minibuses, consisting mainly of Damas minibuses, the South Korean company Daewoo, and Uzbek assembly. They carry out transportation not only in the region, but throughout the Fergana Valley.
Football in Namangan
Football is one of the most popular sports in Namangan. In the championship of Uzbekistan, Namangan is represented by the Navbakhor club. The club was founded in 1974 and was first called Tekstilshchik. However, failures forced the then leadership of the region to change the sign and the club was renamed in 1983 to Avtomobilist, and in 1988 to Navbahor. During Soviet times, the club played in the second league of the USSR championship and did not have any special achievements. At the end of the 1990 season, Navbakhor managed to get out of the second league and the last union championship in 1991, Navbakhor spent in the first league, where it took ninth place. After the declaration of independence of Uzbekistan, the club firmly established itself in the top league of the Uzbekistan championship. In 1996, Navbakhor became the champion of Uzbekistan, in the seasons 1993-94-95, 1997, 1999, 2003 and 2004, winner of bronze medals, and in the seasons of 1992 and 1995, winner of the Uzbekistan Cup. In 1998, having defeated Fergana Neftchi in the final of the Uzbekistan Cup, Navbakhor won the Cup for the third time and left him at the club forever. In 1999, Navbakhor became the first winner of the Uzbekistan Super Cup. Many Navbakhor players played for the Uzbekistan national team. In 2006, Navbakhor was renamed Navbakhor-N. Navbakhor has its own stadium, with the same name, located in the 1st microdistrict of Davlatabad.
Islam in Namangan
Namangan, a city with strong Muslim traditions. Even during the years of Soviet power, the population of the city secretly held divine services and everyday life was guided by Muslim traditions and customs. Non-governmental Islamic organizations in Namangan appeared in the first years of perestroika. Gradually the city became one of the major Islamic centers in Central Asia. Tohir Yuldash and Juma Namangani, prominent leaders of the radical Islamic opposition in Central Asia, are natives of Namangan. After the declaration of independence of Uzbekistan, Namangan became a stronghold of Wahhabism in Central Asia. The Namangan Mullo-Kirgiz (Otaullokhon) madrasah, built in 1910, became the center of the Wahhabists. Radical literature was published and distributed, ideological work was carried out, and foreign preachers visited the city more than once. After the terrorist attacks of February 16, 1999, Islamic radicals were subjected to repression and persecution. Today, the situation is under full control of the authorities.
Attractions
- Mausoleum of Khojamna-Kabra, erected in the 18th century under the leadership of the famous master Muhammad Ibrahim son of Abdurakhim. The mausoleum was built at a time when Namangan was turning into one of major cities Fergana Valley. Fancy terracotta embossed with multi-color glazed cladding decorates the mausoleum building.
- Mullah-Kirgiz madrasah (1910), Atavalikhona mosque, Attavalik-Khontur mosque and Mullah Bozor Okhund mosque.
- House of Sultan Akhmedov (XIX century).
- Founded in 1884, Namangan Park was initially the garden of the district chief. It became available to city residents only after October Revolution 1917. Since 1938, the park bore the name of A.S. Pushkin, and after the republic acquired independence in 1991, the park bore the name of Babur. The park is located in the city center, 12 city streets lead to it and its area is about 14 hectares.
- The city has Namangan National historical museum.
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Namangan serves as the administrative center of the region of the same name and is the third largest city after and. It is located in a very picturesque area, in the north of the Fergana Valley, at an altitude of more than 450 meters above sea level. There are many interesting architectural structures, including madrassas, mosques and mausoleums, and also boasts the Namangan Park, which is much loved by local residents, and gracefully fits into the urban landscape.
Peculiarities
Namangan is one of the most Uzbek cities in the country. After the collapse of the USSR, there was very little Russian-speaking population left here and now the city is predominantly inhabited by Uzbeks, although there are representatives of other states from the post-Soviet space. In the early 90s of the last century, several non-governmental Islamic organizations operated here, which gave rise to regular unrest and some chaos. As a result, the authorities managed to resolve the situation, but the events of those years became an integral part of the history of the city. In addition to the rich historical and cultural heritage Namangan serves as an important religious center for many adherents of Islam in Central Asia, and is also of interest for its craft traditions. Since Soviet times, the townspeople's love for football has been known, which continues to this day. The local football club “Navbahor” has become the champion of Uzbekistan more than once and has long been considered one of the symbols of the city.
General information
The territory of Namangan covers an area of 91 square meters. km, with a population of about 450,000 people. Local time is 2 hours ahead of Moscow. On summer time the country is not moving. Time zone UTC+5. Dialing code (+998) 69.
A brief excursion into history
The name of the city comes from the Persian word “Namak kan”, which means “salt mine”, and the first settlements appeared here at the beginning of our era. In the Middle Ages, Namangan was known as a famous craft center, where potters, weavers, coppersmiths, blacksmiths, shoemakers and other representatives of craft professions lived. For a long time, good trade relations were established with China and Bukhara. After the city became part of the Khanate of Kokand, it was often subjected to devastating wars and civil strife, which significantly undermined its economic well-being. In the second half of the 19th century, having become a hostage to internal political conflicts in the state, Namangan was forcibly annexed to the Russian Empire. Over time, the city developed a cotton processing industry, and with the advent of the 20th century it became one of the leading industrial centers of Central Asia. During the Great Patriotic War, more than 20,000 Namangan residents died on the battlefields, in honor of which the Square in Memory of the Victims of the Second World War was opened in the center of the city. In the early 90s, the Islamic groups “Tovba” and “Islom Lashkarlari”, which tried to organize an Islamic caliphate in the Fergana Valley, with their actions created a tense situation in the entire region, but were soon forced to leave Uzbekistan, and a calm atmosphere reigned in the city.
Climate
The region has a mild climate, conducive to the successful cultivation of heat-loving crops such as apricots, pomegranates, grapes and figs. In winter, the thermometer consistently exceeds 0 degrees by several divisions, and in summer hot and dry weather prevails with temperatures above +30. True, the difference between night and daytime can be more than 15 degrees. You can come here throughout the year.
How to get there
The local airport is located 3 km from the city and receives direct flights from Moscow, Yekaterinburg, Tashkent and other cities of the post-Soviet space. Also, there is a train station here, although local residents prefer to use the services of private cab drivers.
Transport
Within the city limits, the main means of transportation are trolleybuses, buses and minibuses, which are actively used throughout the Fergana Valley.
Attractions and entertainment
One of the most striking objects of Namangan is the city park named after Babur, founded in 1884. It covers an area of about 14 hectares and was named after the Timurid ruler in 1991. Among the architectural structures, the Khojamna-Kabra mausoleum, erected in the 18th century under the leadership of the famous master Muhammad Ibrahim and amazing with its magnificent multi-colored decoration, is of particular interest. Other masterpieces of Islamic culture include the Mullah-Kirgiz madrasah, the house of Sultan Akhmedov, as well as the Atavalikhon, Mullah Bozor Okhund and Attavalik-Khontur mosques. For history buffs, the Namangan National Historical Museum is of great interest. In the vicinity of Namangan, it is worth visiting the ruins of the ancient city of Akhsikent, and in the valley of the Chartaksay River, there is the balneological resort of Chartak, famous for its iodine-bromine mineral waters.
Kitchen
The culinary traditions of the Fergana Valley combine the features of the cuisine of many Caucasian and Central Asian countries. In local establishments you can try classic Uzbek pilaf, kebabs from different types meat, soups, vegetables and of course, fresh fruits grown in greenhouse conditions and with a unique taste. The local drinks, as well as amazing Uzbek pastries, are also worthy of attention.
Shopping
In shops and markets, guests are offered to purchase inexpensive clothing, a variety of handicrafts and other goods.
Namangan is a typical Central Asian city, with long traditions, cultural and historical monuments. Partially, it embodies the image of Uzbekistan and is ideal for enriching yourself with knowledge about this country, as well as fully appreciating the warmth and hospitality of the local residents.
