The best presentation of homonymy com. Homophones

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Repetition of what has been learned, checking homework - What is called vocabulary? - Lexicon? What words do we call polysemous? How do you understand the term “figurative meaning”? What is an epithet? Metaphor? Give examples.

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Find words used figuratively. The heat of the sun is the heat of feeling The weight of luggage is the weight of loss Flexibility of the mind is the flexibility of a branch Making plans is building a bridge Mature age is a ripe fruit.

Slide 6

Syntactic five-minute read the sentence: The country of the Russian language is huge, and the expanses of vocabulary are wide in it. - Determine where the predicate is? What part of speech is it expressed? -Punctuation analysis of the sentence, make a diagram.

Slide 7

Listen to the poem by V. Lifshnitsa I was walking with a bag over my shoulder, I saw a spring flowing in the ravine. Leaning over the key, I dropped the key into the water. I fumble along the bottom of the spring, bending my back over the water. If I don't find the key, how will I get home? - How many items does it determine in this poem word key? -Are the words spelled and sounded the same? - Think about whether they are the same in meaning?

Slide 8

Homonyms are recorded in explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language. Unlike polysemantic words, in which all meanings are revealed in one dictionary entry, homonyms are characterized in different dictionary entries. - Find the definition of the word key in dictionaries. How many meanings does a word have? Pay attention to the textbook’s wording “completely different in meaning.”

Slide 9

OPERATION OF THE WORD KEY 1 – 1. A specially shaped metal rod for unlocking and locking the lock. 2. A device for unscrewing or screwing in nuts, uncorking, or winding something. 3. That which serves to solve or understand something. 4. A sign at the beginning of a musical line that determines the meaning of the notes. KL YU CH 2 - A spring gushing out of the ground, a spring.

Slide 10

Omononyms are words of the same part of speech, identical in sound, but completely different in lexical meaning. ONION - garden plant (noun) - weapon, sports equipment K O S I T L - deviate from the straight (verb) direction - cut with a scythe, or mower, or combine

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LEARN TO DISTINGUISH HOMONYMS AND SPECIFIC WORDS! O M O N I M S – different words, the meanings of which have nothing in common. Language - verbal speech human, a verbal means of human communication. Language is a people, a nation. Language is a prisoner from which you can obtain the necessary information.

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MULTI MEANING WORDS – words that have several meanings, the meanings are interconnected. The tongue is an organ in the oral cavity that is an organ of taste, and in humans is also involved in the formation of speech sounds. The tongue in the bell is a metal rod that produces ringing by striking the walls.

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We have a poem in front of us, read it. What is the author warning us about? Some letters in the words got lost. Let's help them return to their places. Write down the missing words and explain the spelling. We are words from Russian speech, from our native language! However..they hear us..t. However..they write us..t. But not only appearance is important, Therefore, do not rush, Haste is not always needed, You get to the meaning. Like a filling The meaning is hidden in the middle, In spite of similar faces, We are different in meaning. (Ya. Kozlovsky)

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P O R E N I R U E M S? GIVE AN ANSWER TO THE RIDDLE 1. I am everything that is in the world, All the peoples on the planet, My homonym is the enemy of war, The friend of labor and silence. 2. I am a home for an animal, For a cricket and a spider. There is also my namesake: A rare fur-bearing animal. 3. Here is the word. To solve, find two meanings in it: One babbles in the clearing, makes noise in the forest and meadow. The other one settled in my pocket and there was nothing there all the time.

Slide 15

Group and write down pairs of phrases containing: 1) homonyms-nouns, 2) homonyms-verbs Autumn leaf - sick leave, interfere with work - interfere with a spoon, green onions - tight onions, heat the stove - sink the ship. Make up a phrase with world-world homonyms using the following words: durable, stellar, animal, conclude, championship, spiritual.

Lesson on the topic

"WORDS-HOMONYMS"

Group No. 5

Topic: Homonym words

The purpose of the teacher's activity:

create conditions for studying and applying knowledge about homonyms when working with texts, textbooks and dictionaries.

Lesson steps

Techniques

Organizational moment

Updating knowledge. Problem Statement

Dramatization of the story. Immersion in the problem. Drawing up a diagram.

Introduction to the topic

Determining the topic and goals of the lesson.

ZUKH (I know, I can, I want to know) Reflection question

Discovery of new knowledge.

Work in groups. Protection of drawings.

Application of new knowledge. Inclusion in the knowledge system.

Independent work. Standard check.

Summing up

Reception "Insert"

Homework

Optional homework

Reflection

Finish the sentence

Planned results:

Subject : Students formulate a definition based on existing knowledge, interpret the words independently, using a dictionary if they have difficulty. They find homonyms in the text and are able to distinguish homonyms from ambiguous words.
Metasubject: cognitive – determine the meaning of the word homonym, build logical judgments
Personal: give adequate self-esteem educational activities, realize the boundaries of their own “knowledge and ignorance”,
Regulatory: accept and save learning task on the topic, make the necessary adjustments to actions after its completion based on its assessment, and adequately perceive the assessment of the participants in the educational process.
Communicative: formulate their own opinions and positions, working in pairs and groups.

Updating knowledge

Two friends met: Olya and Nadya. Nadya says:

And I have oatmeal at home.

Just think, - said Olya, - I also have oatmeal at home.

And I love you!” said Olya.

She is yellow and so beautiful!

And delicious, especially with milk!

How is this delicious? How is it with milk?

Yes so. Also good with butter or granulated sugar

What are you talking about?

What is this about? About oatmeal!

What kind of oatmeal?

About ordinary oatmeal. Which one are you talking about?

About the one who lived in our garden and sang songs.

Did porridge sing songs?

What kind of porridge? Not porridge, but a bird. Bird bunting!

Haven't you heard of this one? Come listen to my oatmeal!

And then come and eat my oatmeal!

Why did the friends not understand each other for a long time? (students' answers)

Do you know what these words are called?

Can these words be called ambiguous?

Draw a conclusion and compare with the standard in the textbook (p. 160).

- Make a diagram of the difference between polysemantic words and homonyms.

Similarities and differences between homonyms and polysemantic words

SIMILARITY

DIFFERENCE

Multiple-valued Homonyms

Are being written

the same

have absolutely

common in LZ different LZ

(by shape, color,

character, action)

Homonyms (other Greek ὁμός - identical + ὄνομα - name) - different in meaning, but identical in sound and writing a word, morphemes and other units of language. Term introduced Aristotle .

Find homonyms. Draw them

Our Vanyusha in the forest

Taking off from the Earth

I cut the grass with a scythe.

On a big rocket

And with his scythe Tanyusha

Took a handful of earth

I fell in love with Andryusha.

In memory of the planet.

Find homonyms.

bitter onion - hunter's bow;

Rowan brush – painting brush:

Which pair is the odd one out? Why?

Find homonyms (Key)

bitter onion - hunter's bow;

underground key - the key to the front door;

brush rowan - brush for drawing:

mink coat – mouse minks

funny riddles

Riddle 1

Really, my hair is a miracle!

It's not bad to braid me.

In the meadow with a sharp hissing

Managing the haymaking.

I go into the water like a stripe -

Narrow, gray and flat.

funny riddles

Riddle 2

I am a collection of cards; from stress

Depends on my two values;

If you want, I’ll turn into a name

Shiny, silky fabric.

funny riddles

Riddle 3

I am a herbaceous plant

With a flower of different colors,

But change the emphasis

And I turn into candy.

Reception "Insert"

"V" - already knew

“+” - new

"?" - I don’t understand, I have questions.

Reflection

- What goals did we set for the lesson? Did you manage to achieve them?

- Today I found out...

- What caused the difficulty?

- Today I learned...

- Did you like how you worked in the lesson?

- It became new for me...

- It was difficult for me...

Reflection

When preparing a lesson model

It was easy

It was difficult

Select teaching materials

Formulate lesson goals in the context of the Federal State Educational Standard

Compose tasks for the text

Distinguish between types of UUD for lesson stages

Develop lesson structure

Change from traditional to modern approach to lesson modeling.

Select tasks for motivation and actualization

Homonyms RESEARCH PROJECT IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE Completed by: student of GBPOU MO "PPTOT" Vasilyeva Natalya Group Supervisor: Ovsyannikova Tatyana Viktorovna teacher of Russian language and literature

Purpose of the work: Collect information and study the meaning of homonyms in the Russian language. Based on the analysis of linguistic literature, give an idea of how to modern science The phenomenon of homonymy is highlighted. Guided by this goal, I have the following tasks: - analyze different approaches to defining homonymy; - get acquainted with the history of coverage of this issue; - create didactic material for Russian language lessons on homonymy.

Introduction Relevance of the topic: In our language there are many words that are written and sound the same. Such words are called homonyms. I was very interested this topic. I did this work with the goal of understanding what homonyms are, how they differ, and what problems arise when using them. This paper examines the phenomenon of homonymy. This topic has been covered by many linguists for a very long time. She was examined by V.V. Vinogradov, M.I. Fomina, R.N. Popov, O.S. Akhmanova, A.T. Lipatov, L.I. Rakhmanova and others. Their disputes concern the understanding of the essence of homonymy, its occurrence in the Russian language, and its use in speech , differentiation between homonymy and polysemy, homonymy and related phenomena. Based on the above, I believe that until the controversy on this issue stops, it should be considered relevant.

The emergence of homonyms Homonymy is a historical phenomenon, therefore it is customary to talk about homonymous words of a certain period in the development of a language. Words perceived on modern stage as homonyms, in the past they might not have been. The emergence of homonyms is explained by various reasons. 1. Homonyms can appear as a result of the breakdown of polysemy Example-braid”1 “river shallows”, scythe”2 “name of hairstyle”, braid 3 “tool” o Polysemy - polysemy, the presence of several meanings in one word or sign. 2. Many homonyms appeared in the Russian language as a result of phonetic changes in the process historical development Example - I’m treating from flying (written with the letter “is”) and flying from treating (written with the letter “yat”); three (name of the number) and three are the imperative form of the verb to rub (three).

3. Homonymous words also arise as a result of the action of an extralinguistic factor: a random coincidence of native Russian and foreign words. Example - “marriage”1 (Russian) “matrimony” and marriage”2 (German) “disadvantage”, Words borrowed from one or different languages. Example - mate 1 (Persian) “chess piece”, mate 2 (English) “wicker mat”, mate 3 (German) “dull, pale”. Such homonyms are classified as lexical. 4. words can coincide in sound and spelling as a result of various word-formation processes (due to homonymy of affixes and/or stems). For example, the noun “fence”1, formed from the verb to take away, “fence”2 “fence.” Such homonyms are called word-forming homonyms. In the modern Russian language, a significant number of homonym words have been recorded, and with the development of the language, their number is increasing.

Homonyms in Russian language B lexical system There are words in the Russian language that sound and are written the same, but have completely different meanings. Such words are called lexical homonyms, and the sound and grammatical coincidence of linguistic units that are not semantically related to each other is called homonymy. Example- (Gr. – homos – identical + onyma – name). For example, key 1 is a “spring” (ice key), key 2 is a “metal rod of a special shape for unlocking and locking the lock” and key 3 is musical.

Unlike polysemantic words, lexical homonyms do not have a subject-semantic connection, that is, they do not have common semantic features by which one could judge the polysemantism of one word. Known various shapes lexical homonymy, as well as related phenomena at other levels of language (phonetic and morphological). Full lexical homonymy is the coincidence of words belonging to the same part of speech in all forms. Example - “outfit”1 - clothing, “outfit” 2 – “disposition”, they do not differ in pronunciation and spelling, they coincide in all case forms of the singular and plural.

According to their structure, homonyms can be divided into root and derivative. 1) have a non-derivative basis: peace – “absence of war, harmony.” Example - (peace has come) and peace - “universe” (the world is filled with sounds); marriage is a “flaw in production” (factory defect) and marriage is “matrimony” (happy marriage). 2) They arose as a result of word formation, and therefore have a derivative basis: Example assembly 1 – “action on the verb to collect” (assembling a structure) and assembly 2 – “small fold in clothes” (gathering on a skirt); drill – “relating to actions in the ranks (drill song) and drill – “suitable for construction” (drill timber). 7

Types of homonyms Lexical homonyms are combined into rows, each of which includes at least two words belonging to the same part of speech. There are two types of lexical homonyms: complete and incomplete (partial). 1. Complete homonyms are words that coincide in all grammatical forms. These words in all cases will appear in the same forms, and the plural forms will also be the same. Example -Lavka (1) “bench” and Lavka (2) “small” premises for trade." 2. Incomplete homonyms are words belonging to the same part of speech, whose system of grammatical forms does not completely coincide. So, from the first word the singular and plural forms are formed, from the second word it is impossible to form the plural form. For example - Shelf “a device for storing something”, can be in the form of units. and many more h. (shelf shelf, many shelves); "Weed control" shelf ( verbal noun, formed from the verb weed), exists only in the singular form. h.

And Both complete and partial (incomplete) homonyms are studied by lexicology. One should distinguish from them phenomena that lexicology does not study, although it mentions them, comparing them with homonyms. In other words, other types of homonymy should be distinguished from lexical homonyms, both full and partial. In modern Russian, these types of homonymy are presented as follows: Paronyms (from the Greek Para about and Onyma name) are words that are similar in sound and morphemic structure, but have different meanings. Typically, paronyms are words formed from the same root, but using different affixes (suffixes, prefixes). The similarity of paronymic words in sound and the common root in them is the main source of errors in their use. Paronyms are sometimes mixed in speech, although they denote different phenomena. For example, they say “put on a coat” instead of “put on a coat.” Meanwhile, the verbs put on and dress differ in meaning: they put on what, and dress whom (put on a coat, hat, mittens, dress a child, a sick person). This example shows that paronyms differ not only in meaning, but also in compatibility with other words. Example - Put (a coat on yourself) dress (a child); Economical (person) economical (regime) economic (crisis); Escalator (moving staircase); excavator (earth-moving machine); Zdravitsa (toast, congratulations) health resort (sanatorium).

L Homophones are different words that sound the same, but differ in writing. For example, fruit and raft, onion and meadow, code and cat, gender and mouth, carcass and carcass (phonetic homonymy) different word forms/word combinations that match in sound when their lexical meanings differ may arise when creating rhyming text. Homoforms are words that sound the same only in some grammatical forms and most often belong to different parts of speech. One of the varieties of homonyms (morphological homonyms) Example - lech'u "to treat someone" - lech'u "fly" Homographs - words that are the same in spelling, but differ in pronunciation (in Russian most often due to differences in stress) (graphic homonymy) Example - they get - they get, circles - circles.

The use of homonyms in speech The functioning of homonyms in speech, as a rule, does not cause any particular difficulties. First of all, the context clarifies the semantic structure of such words, excluding inappropriate interpretation. In addition, homonyms belong to different areas usage and having ambiguous expressive coloring and different functional relevance, as a rule, do not collide in speech. Nevertheless, combining the meanings of homonymous words is possible. However, in this case it is due to a certain stylistic purpose, and in different styles In speech this goal is different. The deliberate clash of homonyms has always been an indispensable means of witty wordplay. Kozma Prutkov also wrote: “It’s nice to caress a child or a dog, but the most important thing is to rinse your mouth.” Similar homophones are played out in folk jokes: “I went into the forest, and he got into it, I got into an elm, and he got stuck.” V. Dahl

The use of homonyms There is often a collision, even a combination in one text, of both homonym words and words that accidentally coincide in sound (homophones, homoforms, etc.) It is interesting to compare the intentional collision of partial homonyms is - “to be, have” and is - “to accept” food”, translated by S.Ya. Marshak “Zazdravnogo Toast” by Robert Burns: Those who have what to eat sometimes cannot eat, And others can eat, but sit without bread, And here we have what to eat, but at the same time there is something to eat, So, We only have heaven to thank! He combines consonant words, a writer, poet, publicist, as it were, brings together those objects and concepts that they denote. This technique is a means of actualization; it fulfills the task of communicating additional artistic information.

The use of homonyms The use of homonymous rhymes is all the more justified in humorous genres, for example, in epigrams. Don't flaunt, buddy, that you have an excess of topics. We know the works where the best themes perished. (D. Minaev) Or homonymous consonances - the main material for puns. That the people are awakening, Now they are giving them regulations, They are shouting: “Shut your lips!” And they instantly put a seal on your mouth. (K.M. Fofanov) Successful comparison of consonant forms and their playing out in speech arouses keen interest.

About Homonyms in Literature We have unique cases of using homonyms in the broad sense of the word in Gogol, who sometimes used homonymous techniques when giving names to his heroes. So, for example, in “The Tale of How Ivan Ivanovich and Ivan Nikiforovich Quarreled,” among the guests present at the “assembly” where an attempt was made to reconcile Iv. Iv. with Iv. Nick., named: “not that Ivan Ivanovich, but another” and “our Ivan Ivanovich.” A few lines later, Gogol again mentions this “other” Yves. Ivanovich, but to the again repeated expression: “not that Iv. Iv., and the other one” adds: “whose eye is crooked.” And it’s curious what exactly this crooked Yves. Iv. Gogol forces one to ask why Yves is not at the “assembly”. Nik., and precisely the crooked Iv. Iv. makes an offer to reconcile Eve. Iv. with Iv. Nick. The artistic effect of this homonymous game is, of course, obvious, and it is completely in the spirit of that “pun circle” with which Gogol depicted human vulgarity in “The Tale.” We also have an approach to a homonym in the surnames “Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky”. Here, the incomplete homonymic consonance of surnames that differ by only one letter represents a very striking poetic device. After all, Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky are essentially one image, they are synonymous, and this internal synonymy, sameness, receives a special comic coloring from the fact that their surnames differ from one another, by just one letter.

Homonyms in literature The contrast between the same sound and different meaning of homonyms, which in a pun gives a comic character to the concepts designated by homonyms, in Bryusov, on the contrary, leads to a deepening of their content. And due to the fact that this contrast is strengthened by the very position of homonyms as rhymes, the deepening becomes directly obvious. Indeed, the homonyms “beregu” from “to take care” and “beregu” from “berega”, consonantly opposed to one another, are mutually enriched: the concrete “bereg” expands its content, receiving an abstract connotation from the word “beregu” (to take care), and back to the abstract “protect” a specific shade from “shore”. There is something similar in the rhyming homonyms “eyelids” and “forever”. Homonym, therefore, fulfills here one of the essential functions of poetic thinking, namely, it destroys the gap between the abstract and the concrete.

The meaning of homonyms Currently, the category of so-called “functional homonyms” is being actively studied. These include homonyms that appear as a result of their specialization in a certain syntactic function, and this entails changes in their semantics and grammatical features. Different ways in which homonyms arise determine the difference in their types in a given period of language development, in a given state. The processes leading to the coincidence of the outer shells of whole words and individual forms of a word also turn out to be completely different. Therefore, one should carefully distinguish between homonyms themselves, that is, words in which the entire system of forms coincides, and homoforms that arise when the sound composition of individual forms of words coincides.

The question arises: does homonymy interfere with the correct understanding of speech? After all, homonyms are sometimes called “sick” words, since homonymy reduces the informative function of the word: different meanings receive the same form of expression; In support of the negative assessment of the phenomenon of homonymy, the idea is also expressed that the very development of language often leads to its elimination. For example, in early XIX V. in linguistics the term “dialectical” was used, meaning “relating to a dialect” (local dialect). But with the spread of the concept " dialectical materialism» The word dialectical began to be used more often in a different meaning – “relating to dialectics.” And then the linguistic term fell out of use, giving way to another - “dialectal” - “associated with a dialect; relating to a dialect.” The meaning of homonyms

There are many examples of such resistance of the language itself to the phenomenon of homonymy. Thus, the adjectives eternal (from “eyelid”) and wine (from “wine”) disappeared from the dictionary; the latter is replaced by a related word - guilty. However, this process is far from active and consistent in the lexical system of the modern Russian language. Along with the facts of the elimination of homonymy, the emergence of new homonyms, homophones and homographs is observed, which has a certain linguistic value and therefore cannot be considered as a negative phenomenon to which the language itself “puts obstacles in the way.”

O The meaning of homonyms First of all, the context clarifies the semantic structure of such words, excluding inappropriate interpretation. In addition, homonyms belonging to different spheres of use and having ambiguous expression, different functional relevance, as a rule, do not collide in speech. For example, “the paths do not cross” of such homonyms as “bar” – “a type of restaurant” and “bar” – “a unit of atmospheric pressure”; lion "-"beast" and lion "-" monetary unit in Bulgaria"; swearing " - "swearing" and swearing " - "war" (obsolete) etc. At the same time, the deliberate clash of homonyms has always been an indispensable means of witty wordplay. Kozma Prutkov wrote: It’s nice to caress a child or a dog, but the most important thing is to rinse your mouth. Similar homophones are played out in folk jokes: I got into the forest, and he got into it, I got into an elm, and he got stuck (Dal); special entertainment: You puppies! Follow me! It will be a roll for you, but look, don’t chat, or I’ll beat you up (P.) The snow will become a river, It will flow, shaking a flock of reflected pigeons (Goats.) .

A However... You must be careful in the use of words, since in some cases homonymy (and related phenomena) can lead to a distortion of the meaning of the statement, inappropriate comedy. For example, when commenting on a football match: “Today the players left the field without goals”; “On the TV screen you see Gavrilov in a beautiful combination.” Even professional writers and great writers are not immune from such speech errors: Have you heard... (P.); With lead in my chest I lay motionless (L.); Is it possible to be indifferent to evil (modern translation from Kazakh). Puns are most often caused by homophony. 17

Conclusion In this work we examined the phenomenon of homonymy in the modern Russian language at this stage of development, types of homonymy, issues of the appearance and use of homonyms in speech. Homonymy is a universal linguistic category; it arises naturally as a result of the action of various linguistic patterns. Typically, speakers do not notice it unless certain situations of ambiguity arise as a result of an unfortunate form of expression. Most often, homonyms appear as a result of word formation processes and semantic breakdown of polysemy. Homonymy can also arise as a result of sound changes. It is possible that homonyms may appear as a result of foreign language borrowing.

References Vinogradov V.V. Russian language. M., 1972 Deykina A.D. Questions of the Russian language. M., 1998 Nikitin O.V. Slavic linguistics. M., 2007. Norman B. Yu. Game on the edges of language. M., 2006 Solganik G. Ya. Stylistics of the text. M., 2001. Dictionary of homonyms. M., 2010. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. M., 2004 Chevtaeva I. B., Shampur V. P., Ptashkina V. N. Formation key competencies schoolchildren. Volgograd, 2009 Shmelev D.N. Modern Russian language

LESSON OBJECTIVE: form the concept of homonyms.

TASKS:

development of the ability to formulate definitions of concepts;
develop skills in working with dictionaries;
teach to distinguish homonyms and polysemantic words;
development of communication skills;
developing the ability to formulate and prove one’s point of view;
development of skills to analyze, compare, generalize;
nurturing interest and respect for the native language.

EQUIPMENT:

PROJECTOR
COMPUTER
EXPLANATORY DICTIONARIES

PROGRESS OF THE LESSON

1. The teacher's word. A linguistic fairy tale.

Today, guys, we will take you on a fascinating journey to a country that you will not find on any geographical map, and we will learn the secrets of the inhabitants of this state... (Presentation, slide No. 1)

In the lexical kingdom - in the linguistic state, there lived the king Lexikon, and there were many subjects under his subordination: rich Synonyms, and ever-arguing Antonyms, and an ancient family of Historicisms, and a highly respected family of Phraseologisms, even foreigners took root in the kingdom of Lexicon, and their surname they gave Russian - Borrowed.

And then one day two boys appeared at the royal gates, identical in appearance, and they had the same names - Val and Val, but it is not known what kind of tribe they were. They began to call them Val-1 and Val-2. The Historicisms wanted to adopt them, but the brothers were too young, and they did not take root with the Polysemantic ones either; the characters of the young men were too different.

The boys grew up by leaps and bounds, and it became obvious that the children were only identical in appearance, but completely different in character: Val-1 - furious, disobedient, like a sea wave; Val-2 is a hard-working, businesslike, inventor.

And the Lexicon commanded by his royal will that Val-1 and Val-2 would become the ancestors of a new family named Homonyms, which translated from Greek means “same names.”

Homonyms began to live and live in the lexical kingdom and hum a song about themselves:

We are the words from Russian speech,
From native language!
They write us the same way
They hear us equally.
But not only appearance is important,
So take your time,
Haste is not always necessary
You get to the meaning.
Like a filling
The meaning is hidden in the middle,
Similar persons in spite of
In terms of meaning, we are far away.

Questions:

What lexical terms did we encounter in the fairy tale? (Students name polysemantic words, antonyms, synonyms, vocabulary, phraseological units, give definitions and give examples)

What were the new “residents” called in the kingdom of Lexika and why? (Homonyms are the same names)

Students register in reference notebooks definition of homonyms - words that are the same

spelling, but completely different in lexical meaning. (Presentation, slide No. 2)

Name a couple of homonyms from the fairy tale. (Val-1 and Val-2)

2. Work in groups with explanatory dictionaries

(Ozhegova, Dalia, school explanatory dictionary in the textbook). Students are asked to analyze the dictionary entries “VAL”: How are they formatted? Is there anything common in the lexical meaning of homonyms? (Students will make a “discovery” that there is “Val-3”) (Presentation, slide No. 3)

CONCLUSION: Each homonym has a separate dictionary entry, each homonym is designated

number, there is nothing in common in the lexical meaning of homonyms.

3. Task No. 1. Find homonyms

(Presentation, slide No. 4)

bitter onion - hunter's bow;
underground key - the key to the front door;
Rowan brush – painting brush:
mink coat – mouse minks

Which pair is the odd one out? Why? (The word “BRUSH” has multiple meanings): there is a common lexical meaning - check it in the dictionary.

Drawing up a diagram of “Similarities and differences between homonyms and polysemantic words” (slide No. 5)

4. Task No. 2. Write down the sentences. Determine whether they contain homonyms.

(slides No. 6,7)

Orange - fetus citrus tree. Floated along the river raft. I love bake pies. They were rearranging the house bake. drown ship. Need a stove drown. I I'm flying throat. I I'm flying by plane.

Conclusion: In the Russian language there are complete and partial homonyms (homophones, homoforms, homographs) (slide No. 8)

5. Task No. 3. Determine the type of homonymy, make sentences. ( slide number 9)

Forest - climbed, scythe - scythe, in a hurry - write off, force - force, get off - lick, glass - glass,

Flour is flour.

6. Guess the homonym! Funny riddles. ( slide No. 10,11,12)

Riddle 1

Really, my hair is a miracle!
It's not bad to braid me.
In the meadow with a sharp hissing
Managing the haymaking.
I go into the water like a stripe -
Narrow, gray and flat. (braid)

Riddle 2

I am a collection of cards; from stress
Depends on my two values;
If you want, I’ll turn into a name
Shiny, silky fabric. (atlas)

Riddle 3

I am a herbaceous plant
With a flower of different colors,
But change the emphasis
And I turn into candy. (iris)

7. Lesson summary.

Continue the sentence: “Homonyms are...”

8. Homework (one of your choice): ( slide No. 13)

Find in explanatory dictionary homonyms, make sentences;

Select examples of homophones, homoforms, homographs, write down sentences.

Slide 2

I was walking with a bag over my shoulder. I saw a spring flowing in the ravine. Leaning over the key, I dropped the key into the water. I fumble along the bottom of the spring, bending my back over the water. If I don't find the key, how will I get home? V. Lifshits WHAT LANGUAGE PHENOMENON WILL WE BE TALKING ABOUT?

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5 signs of homonyms:

1. Homonyms are words of the same part of speech; 2. Homonyms sound the same; 3. Homonyms are written the same way; 4. Homonyms have different lexical meanings; 5. Homonyms do not have any similarity in meaning;

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Using homonyms, answer what homonymous words are used to name

1) A garden plant and a weapon for throwing arrows 2) A purse for money and small papers and a paper industry worker 3) A geographical collection of maps and a silk, smooth, shiny fabric 4) Marriage and a substandard product, a defect 5) Borrowed money and obligation (BOW) ) (WALLET) (ATLAS) (MARRIAGE) (DEBT)

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Give me the answer to a riddle

I am everything that is in the world, All the peoples on the planet. My homonym is the enemy of war, the friend of labor and peace of silence

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I am a home for an animal, for a cricket and a spider. There is also my namesake: A rare fur-bearing animal. mink

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They are usually for sewing, and I saw them on a hedgehog. They are found on a pine tree, on a Christmas tree, and they are called... needles

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They recruit us a lot in games, and sometimes they put us on our noses. glasses

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The ancient name of the city, and its homonym is the name of atmospheric precipitation hail. They are looking for me as a reason justifying some action, and my homonym is the auxiliary part of speech preposition. The upper branchy part of a tree and the monetary unit of some European countries, the crown.

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Diminutive form of the noun cat and marine mammal with valuable fur cat Products used as food for animals, and the back of the vessel feed

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HOMONYM has three names - it’s so important!

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One, of course, are “homophones”, Two, without a doubt, “homoforms”, Three – “homographs” (you can only distinguish them by stress)… Just deal with them: “Same name”!

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Homophones are words that are pronounced the same but spelled differently. Vienna-vena, block-block, dal-dal, hope-hope. Rhinoceros - nose about a horn, a jar - towards the market, a window - about a cat.

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Homophones: meadow and onion – Only the sound is the same; Labor and tinder, mouth and clan, Carcass and carcass, raft and fruit – The spelling is different – The sound is the same, the faces are different!

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YOUNG FISHERMAN

Instead of a lake there is a pond. Instead of a fishing rod - a rod. So you know: I myself will catch the catfish!..

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OBVIOUS-INCREDIBLE

We will tell you how Taras distinguished himself once: He was picking mushrooms in the forest, and caught a fox by the tail!..

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COOKING RECIPE

Rinse the cranberries under the tap three times - and rub them with granulated sugar...

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AFTER DINNER

How did you like the crayfish? - I didn’t see it in the darkness...

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Homoforms are words of different parts of speech that are written and pronounced the same.

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The OVEN-Pies are briskly glowing with heat, it’s time for us to OVEN. The blizzard has subsided, the wind has VERSE, The VERSE has been written to the end - There is no secret to this: Omoforms are! Just change the form, They will scatter away: The pies are baked in the oven; The wind is QUIET; Teach POEMS, -Omorofm the trace is lost, There is not even a trace of them! Marvel with me yourself at these “OMO” miracles!

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UNCLE AND HIS DREAM

Tolik and I are sitting at a table, And a hundred are guarding - They are guarding us.

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GOOD WORD

I met a mushroom picker behind the forest, Then - Polkan behind the fence, And then - a boy at the dacha. And I wished them all good luck!

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ABOUT THE KING OF PEA

King Pea sits on the throne, and a large, custom bus arrived from the bank to collect the treasury. The final scene seems to be silent: Peas are on beans, because Peas have no treasury...

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Homographs are words spelled the same but pronounced differently. Flour-flour, mugs-mugs, castle-castle. Scarecrow scarecrow forty forty.

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