Describing the steppe, Gogol is an excellent master of verbal painting, creating a surprisingly vivid visual image of the steppe. We proceed from this feature of Gogol’s landscape. Gogol gives a description of the Ukrainian steppe during the day, evening and night. After the description of the steppe has been read in class, we invite students to express in their own words the richness of Gogol’s feelings, to identify the range of shades that convey his attitude towards the steppe. Here are some sayings: “Gogol loves the steppe, admires its beauty and open spaces”; “Gogol talks with admiration about how majestic and beautiful the steppe is”; “Gogol is amazed, amazed at the fabulous splendor of the steppe nature, and is delighted with it”; “The steppe seems incredibly, incredibly beautiful to Gogol.”
So, admiration and love, admiration, amazement and delight - these are the strong feelings that fill the author’s soul. Description of the steppe in highest degree emotionally, it is not only lyrically colored, but also pathetically excited.
What does Gogol see as the enchanting beauty of the steppe, what does he admire and how does he convey his admiration? So, after reading the description of the steppe during the day, we ask: What type of art does this landscape resemble? A significant portion of readers answer: “painting”; “a painting by an artist”; “In Gogol, everything seems to be drawn. The colors are very bright. It’s like seeing a big picture in front of you.”
Besides the immensity, the vastness, what else amazes the Gogol steppe? - A riot of colors. The variegation and brightness of colors, their diversity literally blinds the eye. The main background of the steppe surface in the painting is “green and gold,” but “millions of different colors splashed across it.” We fix the attention of readers on this image: through the grass one can see “blue, blue and purple hairs”, “yellow gorse” with a pyramidal top, “white porridge”, a filling ear of wheat, a white seagull “luxuriously” bathing “in the blue waves of air” , a black dot flashing overhead. And all this sparkles in the sun, filled with its life-giving light. Nature does not know such a number of shades of color, and it is quite obvious that the author sought to convey here, first of all, not the variety of shades of colors, but an impression (surprisingly many, incredibly many!).
How can you transfer all this to a painting? The picture depicting the steppe during the day can be roughly divided into two parts: the green-golden surface of the earth - the steppe itself - and the bottomless, boundless sky above it.
Against the background of a green-golden ocean stretching into the distance, in the foreground, we carefully write out all the flowers listed in the description (after all, their names, their shape, and their color are known). Here we also place partridges, darting under the thin roots of wheat.
In general, there are a great many birds in the steppe. “A thousand different bird whistles” cannot be conveyed in the picture, but the birds themselves are depicted in Gogol in unusual relief. We draw the readers' attention to hawks standing motionless in the sky with outstretched wings and eyes fixed on the grass. We even see the direction of their gaze, therefore, we look at them from a relatively close distance.
“I'm clouding wild geese“The dark spot is all placed in the background; they move “to the side,” somewhere far away. (We note in passing that a “cloud” of geese, as well as a “thousand whistles,” again convey not quantity, but an impression - a lot! a lot!)
And finally, a seagull rising from the grass. We capture two moments in the picture: the flight of the bird and its transformation into a point somewhere far above.
How to depict Taras and his sons riding across the steppe? Maybe not portray it at all? After all, “it was no longer possible to see the black caps: only the quick lightning of the compressed grass showed them running.” We invite students to explain the image - “lightning of compressed grass.” The image is visual, so sixth-graders can easily cope with it: “From a distance, the movement of the Cossacks jumping in the grass seems zigzag, shaped like lightning. In addition, the grass, pushed apart by running horses, shrinks with rapid, lightning speed.”
But everyone rightly comes to the conclusion that it is difficult to convey the “lightning of compressed grass” in the picture. It is better to start with the description when “the black Cossack hats alone flashed” between the ears of tall grass, which accepted the Cossacks “into their green embrace.” After such preliminary work, verbal pictures depicting the steppe during the day are usually successful. Everyone introduces vivid verbal images into their story and uses Gogolian hyperboles. And most importantly, they strive to convey the feelings and moods possessing the author, so clearly expressed at the end of the description: “Damn you, steppes, how good you are!”
Everyone can see for themselves how the steppe transforms in the evening and at night. They notice that in these descriptions a lot of space is devoted to the music that sounds in the steppe in the evening and at night, and the smells of plants (flowers and plants smell stronger at night than during the day; sounds are more audible at night). That’s why night music is very special: during the day we won’t hear the whistling of gophers or the chattering of grasshoppers. In these descriptions everything is fabulously beautiful, unusual and mysterious. In the foreground here is not the picture itself, but the impression from the picture: the steppe in the evening and at night is magnificent and fantastic.
“Taras Bulba” is a unique synthesis of the realistic and the romantic. From romantic poetics, Gogol came to an increased emotionality of the narrative, which is especially clearly revealed in the picture; nature with their high pathos, the power and surprise of hyperbole, the brilliance of metaphors.
Examples of Gogol’s text: “the whole steppe was smoking with incense”; a breeze “seductive as the waves of the sea”; the cry of a swan, “like silver, echoed in the air”; “red scarves flew across the dark sky” (about a line of swans illuminated by a distant glow), etc. Everyone feels the beauty and surprise of these images, their emotional overtones. The only difficulty that arises is the comparison of the cry of swans with silver. The following explanation is offered: “The swan is a beautiful, proud bird, silver is a beautiful, noble metal.” This comparison seems to unite the beauty and nobility of sound. In the conversation, everyone also remembers that while riding in troikas, a silver bell was tied to the arch of the middle horse, which made a very beautiful ringing, melodic and clear. We remember that in Rus', when casting bells for churches, wanting to achieve a beautiful ringing, they added silver to the metal. the higher the percentage of silver, the nobler and purer the ringing.
In the description of the Ukrainian steppe, there is a clear connection between pictures of nature and the mood of the characters, with their inner world. Students are asked to prove this textually. At first, “all three horsemen rode silently.” Taras thought “about the past,” recalled his fallen comrades, “a tear quietly formed on the apple of his eye, and his gray head drooped sadly.” Osta “was spiritually touched by the tears of the poor mother, and this only embarrassed him and made him lower his head thoughtfully.” Andriy, hanging his head and lowering his eyes into the mane of his horse,” was sad about the separation from the lady.
But the vastness of the fragrant steppe, its vast expanses are near and dear to the hearts of the Cossacks. The steppe is their motherland, and like a mother, it accepts several saddened sons “into her green arms” in order to cheer and console them, to pour vitality and energy into them. And so Taras, throwing away the sad memories, cheerfully called out to his sons. They saw their native steppe, bathed in life-giving sunlight, and everything that “was vague and sleepy in the Cossacks’ souls instantly flew away, their hearts fluttered like birds.
Essay on literature on the topic: The steppe as an image of the Motherland in Gogol’s story “Taras Bulba”
Other writings:
- N.V. Gogol's story “Taras Bulba” contains features of prose and lyrics. This piece is very beautiful. It contains a description of fierce battles and the different feelings of the heroes. Also in this work there are very beautiful and poetic pictures of Ukrainian nature. In the second Read More......
- The greatest Russian writer Nikolai Gogol was from Ukraine. He loved his land, was interested in its history, customs and rituals, was fascinated by the courageous and freedom-loving Ukrainian people, and glorified them in his works. With unusual artistic power and completeness, N. Gogol depicted “the history of Read More......
- In the story “Taras Bulba” Gogol created various images of the Zaporozhye Cossacks. He paid much attention to the sons of Taras, Ostap and Andrey. And I wrote quite a bit about their mother. In the story, we first meet the mother when she meets her sons. “...pale, thin Read More ......
- The story “Taras Bulba” is one of the most beautiful poetic creatures Russian fiction. At the center of Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol’s story “Taras Bulba” is the heroic image of a people who are fighting for justice and their independence from invaders. Never before in Russian literature Read More......
- In the story “Taras Bulba” N.V. Gogol glorifies the heroism of the Russian people. Russian critic V. G. Belinsky wrote: “Taras Bulba is an excerpt, an episode from the great epic of the life of an entire people.” And N.V. Gogol himself wrote about his work: “Then Read More......
- The image of Andriy also undergoes some important changes. He acquires noticeably greater psychological certainty. Gogol manages to overcome the well-known schematicism and one-linearity previously inherent in the image of Andriy. The inner world of his experiences becomes more capacious and complex. His love for the Polish woman is now not only deeper Read More......
- Gogol’s historical story “Taras Bulba” tells about the times of the Cossacks in Rus'. The writer glorifies the Cossacks - brave warriors, true patriots, cheerful and free people. In the center of the work is the image of the Cossack Taras Bulba. When we meet him, it’s already quite Read More......
- Talking about the life of ordinary Cossacks, about the existence Zaporozhye Sich, N.V. Gogol creates a unique work about the Ukrainian Cossacks of yesteryear “Taras Bulba”. When describing the events of the past, N.V. Gogol is not so much concerned with historical authenticity as with his attitude to life, love, duty, Read More ......
Describing the steppe, Gogol is an excellent master of verbal painting, creating a surprisingly vivid visual image of the steppe. We proceed from this feature of Gogol’s landscape. Gogol gives a description of the Ukrainian steppe during the day, evening and night. After the description of the steppe has been read in class, we invite students to express in their own words the richness of Gogol’s feelings, to identify the range of shades that convey his attitude towards the steppe. Here are some statements: “Gogol loves the steppe, admires its beauty and open spaces”; “Gogol talks with admiration about how majestic and beautiful the steppe is”; “Gogol is amazed, amazed at the fabulous splendor of the steppe nature, and is delighted with it”; “The steppe seems incredibly, incredibly beautiful to Gogol.”
So, admiration and love, admiration, amazement and delight - these are the strong feelings that fill the author’s soul. The description of the steppe is highly emotional, it is not only lyrically colored, but also pathetically excited.
What does Gogol see as the enchanting beauty of the steppe, what does he admire and how does he convey his admiration? So, after reading the description of the steppe during the day, we ask: What type of art does this landscape resemble? A significant portion of readers answer: “painting”; “a painting by an artist”; “In Gogol, everything seems to be drawn. The colors are very bright. It’s like seeing a big picture in front of you.”
Besides the immensity, the vastness, what else amazes the Gogol steppe? - A riot of colors. The variegation and brightness of colors, their diversity literally blinds the eye. The main background of the steppe surface in the painting is “green and gold,” but “millions of different colors splashed across it.” We fix the attention of readers on this image: through the grass one can see “blue, blue and purple hairs”, “yellow gorse” with a pyramidal top, “white porridge”, a filling ear of wheat, a white seagull “luxuriously” bathing “in the blue waves of air” , a black dot flashing overhead. And all this sparkles in the sun, filled with its life-giving light. Nature does not know such a number of shades of color, and it is quite obvious that the author sought to convey here, first of all, not the variety of shades of colors, but an impression (surprisingly many, incredibly many!).
How can you transfer all this to a painting? The picture depicting the steppe during the day can be roughly divided into two parts: the green-golden surface of the earth - the steppe itself - and the bottomless, boundless sky above it.
Against the background of a green-golden ocean stretching into the distance, in the foreground, we carefully write out all the flowers listed in the description (after all, their names, their shape, and their color are known). Here we also place partridges, darting under the thin roots of wheat.
In general, there are a great many birds in the steppe. “A thousand different bird whistles” cannot be conveyed in the picture, but the birds themselves are depicted in Gogol in unusual relief. We draw the readers' attention to hawks standing motionless in the sky with outstretched wings and eyes fixed on the grass. We even see the direction of their gaze, therefore, we look at them from a relatively close distance.
“A cloud of wild geese” is placed as a dark spot in the background; they move “to the side,” somewhere far away. (We note in passing that the “cloud” of geese, as well as the “thousand whistles,” again convey not quantity, but impression - a lot! a lot!)
And finally, a seagull rising from the grass. We capture two moments in the picture: the flight of the bird and its transformation into a point somewhere far above.
How to depict Taras and his sons riding across the steppe? Maybe not portray it at all? After all, “it was no longer possible to see the black caps: only the fast lightning of the compressed grass showed them running.” We invite students to explain the image - “lightning of compressed grass.” The image is visual, so sixth-graders can easily cope with it: “From a distance, the movement of the Cossacks jumping in the grass seems zigzag, shaped like lightning. In addition, the grass, pushed apart by running horses, shrinks with rapid, lightning speed.”
But everyone rightly comes to the conclusion that it is difficult to convey the “lightning of compressed grass” in the picture. It is better to start with the description, when “the black Cossack hats alone flashed” between the ears of tall grass, which accepted the Cossacks “into their green embrace.” After such preliminary work, verbal pictures depicting the steppe during the day are usually successful. Everyone introduces vivid verbal images into their story and uses Gogolian hyperboles. And most importantly, they strive to convey the feelings and moods possessing the author, so clearly expressed at the end of the description: “Damn you, steppes, how good you are!”
Everyone can see for themselves how the steppe transforms in the evening and at night. They notice that in these descriptions a lot of space is devoted to the music that sounds in the steppe in the evening and at night, and the smells of plants (flowers and plants smell stronger at night than during the day; sounds are more audible at night). That’s why night music is very special: during the day we won’t hear the whistling of gophers or the chattering of grasshoppers. In these descriptions everything is fabulously beautiful, unusual and mysterious. In the foreground here is not the picture itself, but the impression from the picture: the steppe in the evening and at night is magnificent and fantastic.
"Taras Bulba" is a unique synthesis of the realistic and romantic. From romantic poetics, Gogol came to an increased emotionality of the narrative, which is especially clearly revealed in the picture; nature with their high pathos, the power and surprise of hyperbole, the brilliance of metaphors.
Examples of Gogol’s text: “the whole steppe was smoking with incense”; a breeze “seductive as the waves of the sea”; the cry of a swan, “like silver, echoed in the air”; “red scarves flew across the dark sky” (about a line of swans illuminated by a distant glow), etc. Everyone feels the beauty and surprise of these images, their emotional overtones. The only difficulty that arises is the comparison of the cry of swans with silver. The following explanation is offered: “The swan is a beautiful, proud bird, silver is a beautiful, noble metal.” This comparison seems to unite the beauty and nobility of sound. In the conversation, everyone also remembers that while riding in troikas, a silver bell was tied to the arch of the middle horse, which made a very beautiful ringing, melodic and clear. We remember that in Rus', when casting bells for churches, wanting to achieve a beautiful ringing, they added silver to the metal. the higher the percentage of silver, the nobler and purer the ringing.
In the description of the Ukrainian steppe, there is a clear connection between pictures of nature and the mood of the characters, with their inner world. Students are asked to prove this textually. At first, “all three horsemen rode silently.” Taras thought “about a long time ago,” recalled his fallen comrades, “a tear quietly formed on the apple of his eye, and his gray head drooped sadly.” Osta “was emotionally touched by the tears of the poor mother, and this only embarrassed him and made him lower his head thoughtfully.” Andriy, hanging his head and lowering his eyes into the mane of his horse,” was sad about the separation from the lady.
But the vastness of the fragrant steppe, its vast expanses are near and dear to the hearts of the Cossacks. The steppe is their motherland, and like a mother, she accepts several saddened sons “into her green arms” in order to cheer and console them, to pour vitality and energy into them. And so Taras, throwing away the sad memories, cheerfully called out to his sons. They saw their native steppe, bathed in life-giving sunlight, and everything that “was vague and sleepy in the Cossacks’ souls instantly flew away, their hearts fluttered like birds.
Kasperova Elena Viktorovna
Job title: teacher of Russian language and literature
Educational institution: GBOU RO "Oryol Cossack Cadet Corps"
Locality: Orlovsky village, Orlovsky district
Name of material: Development of a lesson on literature
Subject: The lesson is a journey into the writer’s creative workshop. “The image of the steppe as the image of the Motherland in N.V. Gogol’s story “Taras Bulba.”
Publication date: 28.06.2018
Chapter: secondary education
The lesson is a journey into the writer’s creative workshop.
Topic: “The image of the steppe as the image of the Motherland in N.V. Gogol’s story “Taras Bulba.”
Objective of the lesson:
Create conditions for students to perceive N.V. Gogol’s story “Taras Bulba” through
region, small homeland in human life.
Lesson objectives:
I. Subject results:
- build a skill research work with text, organize and consolidate
analyze
text, skill
highlight
find
pictorial
expressive means of language and explain their significance for revealing the image of the steppe;
II. Meta-subject results:
1.Cognitive UUD:
Develop the ability to express your assumptions; navigate the text;
form
compare,
analyze,
generalize
information,
conduct
analogies and draw conclusions;
2. Regulatory UUD:
Develop the ability to concentrate attention; independently formulate a topic and
lesson objectives; ability to plan work, perform self-control, self-assessment, reflection,
correction of your activities.
3. Communicative UUD:
Develop the ability to work in a group, in pairs;
Develop building skills monologue statement, participate in the discussion and
III. Personal results:
Form positive motivation for the literature lesson;
Foster a love for nature and the Motherland
Forms of work: collective, group, pair work, individual.
Equipment:
computer, projector, presentation, N.V. Gogol’s story “Taras Bulba”,
audio recordings, words of M. Bernes' song “Where the Motherland Begins,” handouts.
Lesson progress:
Love for native nature -
one of the most important signs of love for your country...
K. Paustovsky.
Org. Moment. (Slide 1)
Teacher: Hello, guys. I'm glad to see you. Greet each other, wish
good luck in the lesson. Today we will go again to N.V.’s workshop. Gogol. Work
We will be in the books that everyone has on their desk, and at the end of the lesson we will try to evaluate
the result of your work.
Motivation. (Slide 2)
The song “Where the Motherland Begins” is played.
(The children’s words are laid out on the tables)
Teacher: You listened to the song of Mark Naumovich Bernes, one of your favorite
Soviet performers. Guys, where does the Motherland begin for you? (Slide 3-4)
Try to choose nouns that are associated with the word Motherland.
Why did you put the words Motherland and nature on the same page? What do they have in common?
(Nature of the native side, small Motherland )(Slide 5)
Let's turn to the epigraph, explain its meaning at the level of primary perception.
(children's answers)
We have studied the work “Taras Bulba”.
Tell me, what is the relationship between the concepts of Motherland and nature in N.V. Gogol’s story?
While you are finding it difficult to answer this question.
During the lesson we will try to answer it, and at the end we will formulate the topic of the lesson.
Setting a learning task
Parents
To do this, we will work with excerpts from the text of the work, descriptions of paintings
nature, what tasks will you set for yourself?
-Analyze text, find figurative and expressive means, determine
their role
-Identify the relationship between the concepts: nature - man - Motherland
-Answer a problematic question
-Define for yourself the meaning of the concepts: nature - man - Motherland
(Slide 6)
4. Updating knowledge.
Houses you repeated the definition of landscape.
What functions can a landscape perform in a work? (Find confirmations in
1. Serve as a beautiful background (description of the steppe)
2. Determine the time frame (Steppe - summer, July night)
3. Convey the internal state of the characters (the trip “the birds sang in discord”, “vegetable gardens”
abandoned”, “sharp stars”, “stuffy night” Taras Bulba grieves in the meadows and steppes
5. Discovery of new knowledge.
Which image of nature in Gogol’s work is the most striking? (Steppe)-
What is the steppe? Define this word.
(The steppe is a treeless space of a temperate zone with a predominant grassy
vegetation .)(Slide 7)
You give a definition of the concept characteristic of academic subject"geography". What
Are the definitions in textbooks written in the same style? (scientific)
Imagine that you find yourself in our steppe, what feelings do you experience, what do you
want to do it? (run with arms outstretched, spin, rejoice).
Choose epithets for the word steppe. (endless, free, free, boundless,
immense, wide)
(Slide 8)
For the Russian people, the steppe has always been a symbol of freedom, “free” life. Exactly
the desire for a free life brought the first
settlers. The steppe was sung in folk songs, poems full of lyricism were composed about it.
A short message from a student. "The image of the steppe in oral folk art."
Let us turn to the text by N.V. Gogol. Our task is to reveal the poetic image of the steppe and
we will work with artistic style. How is it different from other styles of speech?
(emotionality, imagery, presence of visual and expressive means).
The second chapter contains three descriptions of the steppe. Which? (Steppe during the day, evening and night.)
At what time of day is the steppe more attractive to the Cossacks, to the author, to you? To
to answer this question, we will observe what language means the author uses,
to create the desired image.
We will work in groups; look at the sticker on the back of the chair and find yours by color
group (3 colors: blue, red, green)
There is a description of the steppe on your tables. You will need to read the passage expressively and
analyze it according to the following plan, recording the data in the table that is in
your books:
1) Key words of the passage, their characteristics.
2) Fine and expressive means of language. Determine their role in the text.
3) Sound and color images of these passages.
4) Conclude in 2-3 sentences what the steppe appears like in this passage.
Each group works with a specific landscape. (Time 5 min.)
Steppe during the day
Steppe in the evening
Steppe at night
light, sun, ocean,
millions of flowers,
calorific,
life-giving, seagull
The last glow
flower, grass, breeze,
music, amber, incense,
seductive
night stars,
countless world
insects, glow, everything,
lulled, suddenly
Metaphors: hearts
perked up, waves
air, a seagull was swimming
comparisons: their hearts
perked up like birds,
the horses hiding in them,
like in the forest, porridge
umbrella-shaped
hats were colorful on
surfaces
epithets: “life-giving,
calorific light"
personifications: show through
hairs, gorse popped out,
the ear was filling, screaming
gave himself up
Metaphors: steppe
smoked incense, all
daytime music
subsided and was replaced
comparisons: given as
silver, as if
with a gigantic brush
the marks were wide
rose gold bands;
like sea waves;
personification: breeze
touched cheeks;
seductive,
secluded
metaphor: strewn
brilliant sparks
holy worms,
red scarves
personification: looked
the stars, everything was lulled,
slumbering sound
epithet: silver -
Color: gold, green,
blue, blue, lilac,
yellow. All colors are bright,
life-affirming.
wild geese.
Color: dark green,
blue-dark, pink
Sounds: gophers whistling,
crackling, swan cry.
Color: silver –
pink, red.
crackling, whistling,
chirping.
Word to the first group. Read the passage expressively.
What does "calorific value" mean? – “creating warmth”, “life-giving” - strengthening ,
vitality-giving .
How else does Gogol animate the steppe? (Address: Damn you, steppes, how good you are!)
How did the steppe affect the Cossacks? (their hearts fluttered like birds).
Conclusion: N.V. Gogol lovingly describes the steppe, its beauty and open spaces. He's with
talks with admiration about how majestic and beautiful the steppe is. Everything seems to be with him
drawn, every flower, every bird. The colors are very bright and life-affirming.
At the moment, it is more important for the writer to create a visual image. It seems as if you can see
there's a big picture in front of you.
What type of art does this landscape resemble? (“painting”; “painting by an artist-
painter")
(Slide 9)
Here are paintings by famous and little-known artists Vasnetsov, I. Kuindzhi,
Yu.A. Makhotina, Pivtoraka. Which painting would you choose as an illustration for
our landscape.
Let's read the second passage. Word to the second group.
How do you understand the word " seductive"? Try to make a synonym
(Attractive, delightful, attractive, charming, enchanting.)
Conclusion: In the description of the evening steppe, music comes to the fore... Everything here is fabulous and
no less beautiful, unusual and mysterious. The author seems to emphasize: the steppe and
in the evening it is no less magnificent and fantastic.
Indeed, what is important here is not the picture itself, but the impression from it.
And finally, the third passage.
What word appears most often in this passage? (All, all, everything). Which part of speech?
does it apply?
(A defining pronoun. It helps to embrace the immensity. It immediately unites
everything into one whole.
Conclusion: The darkness “blurred” the colors, making the steppe a living organism, a living being.
The steppe also has a strong effect on a person at night, touching the most intimate
the strings of his soul and heart, his deepest feelings. The steppe “holds” a person in
a state of constant surprise, delight, admiration, enchantment. The steppe is alive.
Gogol adds mystery and anxiety to the description.
6. Primary consolidation.
What did we see?
What common idea unites all three Gogol descriptions? Find these words in the text.
“Nothing in nature could be better.”
At what time of day is the steppe more attractive to the Cossacks, to the author, to you?
time of day has its own, special charm., and he creates a magnificent, expensive and sweet for
every heart picture.
7. Independent work with self-test using a sample text.
The artist depicts the beauty of nature using paint, angle, and light.
For a composer it is rhythm, melody, but with what does a writer create beauty? (Word,
visual media).
Let's try ourselves as writers. Here is a close text (open, with
missing words). You need to find the missing epithets to get it
description of our Don steppe. To be more successful, work in pairs.
(Slide 10) Compare your text with an excerpt from the work of V.A. Zakrutkin. Is everything
salty depressions of the steppe. In the steppe bitter warm scent scorching
wormwood sun, swaying silver feather grass, dark specks of hard camel
thorns. A herd of red horses will loom on the horizon, dusting along the sheep hollow
the flock will lazily take off from inconspicuous skyscrapers rusty coffee spotted eagle - and again
no one, only hot air and silence.
Darling Don land to my heart! Transformed,<…..>gracious Cossack region,
the land of grain growers, shepherds, warriors! How many songs have been written about you, how many legends,
so many legends!
(V.A. Zakrutkin “About the Unfading”)
Is our native Don steppe as picturesque as described by N.V. Gogol? (In our
Zavetinskaya - more sparse vegetation, dried out in summer, similar to a desert)
Why do you love our steppe? ( Small Motherland, father's house, native side, connection with
childhood)
(Presentation “Treasured Land”)
And our steppe can also be beautiful. You just need to be able to see this beauty.
8. Incorporation of new knowledge into the knowledge system and repetition.
Compare the description of the farmstead when the Cossacks said goodbye to it and the steppe. Is it only sad
Does the mood of the Cossacks at the time of departure explain the difference between the two descriptions?
Ostap and Andriy understand that they are saying goodbye to their father’s house and childhood. They feel sorry for the mother
but also joyful from the realization of the coming freedom.
Why is the steppe the most best place in the life of a Cossack?
What did Gogol include in this concept? (This is also a native side, a connection with childhood)
(Slide 11)
Let's turn to the epigraph our lesson. What new can you add to the first
perception?
Are the concepts of homeland and nature united in Gogol’s story?
Conclusion:
The image of the steppe for the writer is the image of the Motherland, strong, powerful and beautiful. How
the mother takes them into her tender embrace to shelter, console, convey
vital energy. For her sake, the Cossacks perform their feats and, if necessary, die,
protecting her. The description of the steppe reflected, first of all, Gogol’s ardent love for his native
earth, faith in its strength and power, admiration for its beauty and endless expanses.
The free, boundless steppes help to understand the character of the Cossacks, their origins
heroism.
Now we can formulate the topic of our lesson. “The image of the steppe as the image of the Motherland in
N.V. Gogol's story “Taras Bulba”.
(Slide 12)
Let's consolidate our knowledge: compose syncwine with any of the words:
(Slide 13)
Let's return to the objectives of our lesson: did everything work out?
What was the task?
Did you manage to solve the problem?
In what way?
What results did you get?
What else needs to be done?
(Slide 14)
9. Reflection. (Identify the emotional state and mood of students.)
Let us summarize the material studied by answering the following questions:
1) What did I learn in the lesson…..
2) I liked the lesson...
3) I would like to know...
(Slide 15)
10 .Homework:(Optional)
1. Describe in words the painting “Steppe during the day” (based on an excerpt from the work of N.V. Gogol).
2. Write an essay - an argument “Why I love my steppe region.”
3.Draw an illustration for the book.
The image of the Motherland and the heroism of its defenders in the story by N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba".
Goals:Educational: to familiarize schoolchildren with the historical basis of the story, to help them understand the main idea of the work.
Developmental: improve the skills of text analysis, reading prose passages by heart and expressive reading of episodes, the ability to work in groups.
Educational: instilling a sense of responsibility and duty to the Motherland, respect for its history, development of moral consciousness and competence in solving moral problems, formation of moral feelings of the individual.
Lesson type: lesson learning new material.
Equipment: portrait of N.V. Gogol, presentation, multimedia.
Progress of the lesson.
1. The teacher's word.Today we continue to study one of the complex works of N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba". The human and creative face of Gogol is not unambiguous in its essence, therefore, for the past one and a half centuries, debates have not subsided about the phenomenon of Gogol, the mystery of his art, the secret of his personality, the direction and meaning of his spiritual and artistic development. The writer’s work was full of thirst for knowledge of Russia, the origins of the character of the Russian person. The mystery of Gogol's personality can only be understood by those who, left alone with the writer, not only read, but experience his works. So, let's all try to understand the main idea of the story "Taras Bulba" and answer the question:
- How is N.V.’s love reflected in the story? Gogol to his homeland? Why N.V. Gogol, born in Little Russia, considered Russia his homeland, and considered himself a Russian writer?
2. Presentation on the topic “The image of the Motherland and the heroism of its defenders in the story by N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba".
3. Expressive Reading students memorize a fragment from the story “Description of the Steppe in the Daytime.”
Answer to questions:
- Why did Belinsky say about Gogol: “Gogol does not write, but draws; his images breathe the living colors of reality. Do you see and hear them...?"
- Which words and expressions from the description of the steppe are especially picturesque?
4. Image of the Zaporozhye Sich. (group work)
- What are the customs and laws of the Sich?
- What is the character of the Cossacks?
- What traits in the Cossacks attract and repel?
On the one hand, it was a republic, as N.V. notes. Gogol, a strange republic according to the needs of that century. In the social structure of the Sich there is no class and dependence of people on each other, there are no property fetters. It was military organization free people, opposed to the world of hostility and slavery. Here the people elect rulers who protect their interests. Military service in the Sich - this is not coercion, but voluntary service to the Fatherland.
On the other hand, N.V. Gogol does not idealize the Cossacks. The Sich is inhabited by the most different people: former criminals, educated and uneducated, rich and poor, wanting to assert themselves and loving to fight. Cossack life is fundamentally familyless. History in Gogol's story is created by men, and quite cruel ones in relation to each other.
5. Celebrating military camaraderie. Analytical conversation.
- What serves as a unifying principle for the Cossacks? (They are all united by camaraderie and the Orthodox faith).
- Read expressively the speech on partnership (Chapter IX). A prepared student reads.
- What made the hero make this speech?
- What beliefs expressed by Taras can be considered highly moral?
- Why does Bulba address the Cossacks with this speech before the battle?
Analyze vocabulary, syntax and intonation of speech.
Firstly, he wanted to save his comrades from despondency, and secondly, he wanted them to meet him with dignity. martyrdom. It is not without reason that it is in death, according to Taras, that the greatness of the Russian soul is revealed: .
Give examples of anaphora, rhetorical appeal, parallelism, antithesis, comparison.
6. Heroic death of the Cossacks(Chapter IX). Speech of heroes (group work). Analytical conversation.
- What is the influence of Taras’s speech on the Cossacks?
- Analyze the dying remarks of the Cossacks. What do these remarks have in common?
- Why N.V. Does Gogol make the statements similar?
- What questions does Taras ask the Cossacks three times?
- What is the meaning of these words?
- What elements of folklore are consonant with Taras’ battle lines?
Taras’s speech makes a strong impression on the Cossacks: the best “that happens in a person’s heart” spoke in them. The Cossacks confirmed the words of Taras with heroism in battle with the Poles, selflessness, and readiness to come to the aid of a comrade. Their dying words are similar because the Cossacks form a single whole, they fight and die not for themselves, but for their faith, for their Motherland, for their comrades. Therefore, in their dying speeches there is not a word about themselves. In this, the Cossacks are similar to the heroes of the Russian epic.
7. Andriy's betrayal(Chapter VI, IX). Group work.
- Why did Andriy betray his fatherland?
- Analyze Andriy’s monologue with the words “What do I need my father, comrades, homeland?” until the end of Chapter VI.
- What speech means is the state of mind of the hero in love conveyed?
- What words, syntactic structures and intonations indicate his determination?
Compare Andriy’s monologue with the author’s digression in the last paragraph of Chapter VI.
- Why does the author call Andriy a knight?
The reasons for Andriy's betrayal lie in his character. Andriy's soul is open to the whole world: he is able to see beauty, has compassion for a person, even if he is an enemy. He cannot live only by war; he chooses the values of worldly life: beauty and love. Chivalry for Taras is military courage, loyalty to Cossack duty and aversion to tenderness. Chivalry for Andriy is admiration for his beloved, the desire to serve her. From the point of view of the Cossacks, Andriy’s transition to the enemy’s side is treason, betrayal, because they valued collectivist values. But from the point of view of eternal values, Andriy makes his choice for the sake of love, in the name of serving a woman. This is his individual choice. Experiences of love are associated with religious experiences Andria:. The author condemns Andriy's betrayal: . From the point of view of Taras, Ostap, and other Cossacks, Andriy deserves death, because betrayal is worthy of the harshest condemnation. Taras regrets his son, but does not regret his death.
8. Death of Ostap(Chapter 11). Two lives - two destinies. Group work.
- Why does the author describe Ostap’s life in detail?
- What gave Ostap the strength to survive?
- Why does Ostap turn to his father in his hour of death?
- What kind of person did he want to see before his death?
- How does Taras feel about the death of his son?
In Ostap's behavior before his death there is a consciousness of his rightness, heroic dedication, and fortitude. He utters “neither a cry nor a groan,” despite the brutal torture. Although before death.
Ostap asks for spiritual support, and it comes to him, because he is dying a hero's death. This is the main difference between the deaths of the two brothers: one dies as a hero, and the other is executed as a criminal.
9. Death of Taras Bulba(Chapter XII). Group work.
Analytical conversation (continued).
- Read expressively the fragment of the capture and death of Taras (Chapter XII).
- Like N.V. Does Gogol describe his spiritual power and devotion to his homeland?
- Find details psychological portrait Taras. Why are they important to understanding his character?
Even in the face of death, Taras shows true greatness: he does not think about himself, all his thoughts are about his comrades, his homeland, he is not afraid of death. So he himself follows the words once spoken about partnership. Taras dies spiritually undefeated. In the image of Taras, one psychological trait dominates: devotion common cause, all the mental and physical strength of the folk hero is given to this. However, the fate of Taras is not only heroic, but also tragic. He loses his sons and fellow soldiers, so the image of a tree without a top in the final scene is not accidental: Bulba never experienced the happiness of victory, nor did he experience personal happiness.
10. Summing up the lesson.
Final question:
- What is the patriotic pathos of the story “Taras Bulba”?
In the story we see the heroic and poetic past of Ukraine. The main content of the story is the struggle of the Cossacks for their independence. The image of the Motherland in the story is associated with the heroic epic, and the Cossacks appear as a free and proud people - real heroes. Their relationship with each other is based on military brotherhood; they are characterized by true values: strength, courage, beauty, love, patriotism, the desire for heroism. This is the relevance of the work today.
11. Reflection.
- What did N.V.’s story teach us? Gogol's "Taras Bulba"?
Literature.
1. Belyaeva N.V. Literature lessons in 7th grade. Lesson developments: a manual for teachers educational organizations. – M.: Education, 2013
2. Egorova N.V. Lesson developments in literature. 7th grade. – M.: Vako, 2015
3. Gogol N.V. Collected works in nine volumes. T.2. M.: “Russian Book”, 1994
4. Mann Yu.V., Samorodnitskaya E.I. Gogol at school. – M.: Vako, 2007
5. Turyanskaya B.I., Komissarova E.V., Kholodkova L.A. Literature in 7th grade: Lesson by lesson. – M.: TID LLC Russian word– RS, 2000
