Events of October 30 in different years. International Jazz Festival in Spain

Mechanical Engineer Day.

Mechanical engineer is a specialist in the field of design, construction and operation of technological equipment.
Mechanical Engineer Day was introduced by order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy in 1996. The profession of mechanical engineer was first officially included in the personnel of the Russian Navy in 1854. It was then that the corps of mechanical engineers was created.
But the profession itself originated much earlier. The origins, of course, go back to Ancient Greece. The great Archimedes deserves the right to be called the first mechanical engineer; it was he who laid the foundations of mechanics and was the creator of many mechanical structures. The fame of Archimedes the engineer (214 BC) was stunning, crossing the boundaries of countries and centuries. This is the ancient profession of mechanical engineer!
Masters of this profession are in demand always and everywhere, especially in our era of high technology.
Nowadays, mechanical engineers work in mechanical engineering, metalworking, design, on all ships and fleet vessels, shipbuilding docks and repair shops. This specialty is so universal that mechanical engineers work in completely different industries - both in the space industry and in the packaging industry. And they are always held in high esteem.

Day of Remembrance for Victims of Political Repression.

The Day of Remembrance for Victims of Political Repression was established by Resolution of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR dated October 18, 1991 N 1763/1-I “On the establishment of a Day of Remembrance for Victims of Political Repression.” Celebrated on October 30th.
The Memorial Human Rights Center counts about eight hundred thousand victims of political repression. These include not only the repressed themselves, but also their children, who, as a result of persecution, were left without parental care.
On October 30, the Day of Remembrance for Victims of Political Repression, a mourning meeting is held at the Solovetsky Stone.

Events of October 30.

1697 - a peace treaty was signed in Rijswijk between France and the Holy Roman Empire.
1730 - Chief Chamberlain Ernst Johann Biron was awarded the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called.
1888 - John Loud received a patent for the ballpoint pen.
1905 - Emperor Nicholas II introduces the “Manifesto of October 17” in Russia.
1907 - Russian physicist B. Rosing, in response to an application submitted by him on July 25, received patent No. 18076 for “Method of electrical transmission of images over a distance,” that is, television.
1918 - Ottoman Empire signed a ceasefire agreement, ending World War I in the Middle East.
1937 - the Hermes asteroid approaches Earth at a distance of only 780 thousand km.
1938 - in the USA, the CBS radio station broadcast a radio version of H. G. Wells’s science fiction novel “The War of the Worlds,” stylized as a live report from the scene. Many Americans believed in the reality of events, which caused unprecedented panic. The radio drama was directed by Orson Welles.
1941 - Great Patriotic War: the first assault on Sevastopol began.
- Second world war: Franklin Delano Roosevelt approved $1 billion in aid to the Soviet Union.
1961 - The USSR exploded the most powerful bomb in world history: a 58-megaton hydrogen bomb (“Tsar Bomba”) was detonated at a test site on the island New Earth. Nikita Khrushchev joked that the original plan was to detonate a 100-megaton bomb, but the charge was reduced so as not to break all the glass in Moscow.
1967 - for the first time in space, automatic docking of ships was carried out; these were devices of the “Cosmos” series - “Cosmos-186” and “Cosmos-188”, which were prototypes spaceship Union.
1990 - The Solovetsky Stone was erected on Lubyanka Square in Moscow in memory of the victims of political repression.
2006 - ER-200 was again launched from the capital of the Russian Federation to the northern capital. Thanks to the reconstruction of Oktyabrskaya railway, travel time was reduced to 235 minutes.

On this day in 1653, the Decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich decided to release death penalty all robbers and thieves sentenced to it according to the laws issued since the time of Tsar Ivan the Terrible (according to the Sudebnik of 1550 and additional decrees to it) and according to the Code of 1649. All criminals awaiting execution were ordered to “give a belly.” The death penalty was replaced by punishment by whipping, cutting off a finger from the left hand and exile to Siberia or to the lower (Middle and Lower Volga) and Ukrainian cities. The death penalty was left in force in this case only for repeat offenders. However, already in 1659 a decree was issued that reinstated hanging for robbers captured in lower towns. And in 1663, a decree was issued that stated that robbers and thieves “who would face the death penalty” were to have both legs and left hands cut off - this was much more painful than hanging. To intimidate, severed members had to be nailed to roadside trees.

On October 30, 1696, at the proposal of Peter I, the boyar duma sentenced: “There will be sea vessels.” This date is celebrated as the birthday of the Russian fleet.

On this day in 1708, Peter I gave the order to destroy the hetman's capital Baturyn after Hetman Ivan Mazepa, who had betrayed him, arrived in the Swedish camp. Already on October 31, Alexander Menshikov, sent to carry out this mission, besieged the city and took it two days later. By order of the Most Serene Prince, not only the garrison was destroyed, but also all the inhabitants of the city burned to the ground were killed.

On October 30, 1803, Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin was appointed court historiographer to Alexander I with a salary of two thousand rubles a year. Once at a reception, he asked a servant to report: the historiographer Karamzin had arrived. He, confused in his words, announced: “Karamzin, Count of History...” But at that time Nikolai Mikhailovich had yet to become Count of History. The new title entailed writing “The History of the Russian State.” The first eight volumes were published 12 years later.

On this day in 1888, John Loud received a patent for a ballpoint pen.

On October 30 (October 17, Old Style), 1905, Emperor Nicholas II introduced into Russia the “October 17 Manifesto” “On the improvement of public order,” which proclaimed the inviolability of the individual, freedom of speech, assembly, unions and associations and announced the convocation of State Duma with legislative rights.

On this day in 1907, the Russian physicist B. Rosing, in response to the application he submitted on July 25, received patent No. 18076 for “Method of electrical transmission of images over a distance,” that is, television.

On October 30, 1938, Americans tuning into CBS radio decided that war had begun. Panic gripped the country: people rushed through the streets, looking for shelter. You wouldn’t be afraid if the radio reported a terrible attack by insidious and evil Martians. And the gullible Americans had no idea that CBS was broadcasting a performance at the Mercury Theater based on H.G. Wells’ novel “War of the Worlds.” The next day, the director of the play, Orson Welles, asked his fellow countrymen for forgiveness on the radio and was perplexed at their gullibility. Or I could thank you for the compliment: work of art taken for a documentary - is there any higher praise for a director?

On this day in 1941, during the Great Patriotic War, the heroic defense Sevastopol, already the second city in its history (the first was in Crimean War). After the failure of the attempt to immediately capture Sevastopol, the German command launched three more major attacks on the city - in November and December 1941, as well as in May-June 1942. The third attack was especially powerful. The enemy had a twofold superiority in manpower, more than threefold in artillery, and tenfold in tanks and aircraft. From May 27, Sevastopol was continuously attacked by German aviation and artillery, and on June 7, the offensive began. Only on July 4, 1942, the Germans were able to occupy the city, which was liberated from them two years later - on May 9, 1944 during the Crimean operation. The defense of Sevastopol lasted 250 days. It was of the utmost military-political and strategic importance, pinning down large enemy forces on the southern wing of the Soviet-German front and preventing him from launching an offensive in the Caucasus. In the fight for the city, the enemy lost about 300 thousand people killed and wounded. The defense of Sevastopol went down in history as an example of mass heroism and self-sacrifice of the city’s defenders. More than 30 people were awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union. On December 22, 1942, the medal “For the Defense of Sevastopol” was established, which was awarded to over 30 thousand people. In 1945, Sevastopol was named a hero city.

The largest thermonuclear charge during the entire testing period was the Soviet “Tsar Bomb” (100 megatons), tested at half its power - about 57 megatons, exploded at the Sukhoi Nos site, at the test site on Novaya Zemlya on October 30, 1961. In 1961, on the penultimate day XXII Congress CPSU, at the polar training ground on Novaya Zemlya, the Soviet military carried out a record-breaking explosion in the entire history of mankind with a capacity of 50 megatons of TNT equivalent (that’s about three thousand Hiroshima bombs!). The thermonuclear bomb, developed under the leadership of Andrei Sakharov and assembled at the top-secret nuclear center Arzamas-16, was dropped from a Tu-15 strategic bomber. A charge with a nominal power of 100 megatons was detonated in the atmosphere at an altitude of 400 meters at half power, so that, as Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev sweetly joked, “not to break the windows at home (in Moscow).”

On this day in 1967, Soviet satellites docked and undocked for the first time in space.

On October 30, 1973, negotiations began in Vienna on the mutual reduction of armed forces and weapons in Central Europe with the participation of representatives of 19 states.

October 30 in Russia is the Day of Remembrance for Victims of Political Repression, first declared on October 30, 1974 - by Kronid Lyubarsky in the Perm camp and Sergei Kovalev at a Moscow press conference. And the boulder brought from Solovki was installed on Lubyanka Square 20 years ago, on October 30, 1990.

On October 30, 1974, at dawn in Kinshasa, the capital of Zaire (until 1971 and again since 1997 - the Democratic Republic of the Congo), the fight between two American black heavyweight boxers ended: 25-year-old George Foreman and 32-year-old Muhammad Ali (before the adoption Islam - Cassius Clay). The first became the professional world champion in January 1973, and the second won the championship title in 1964, but was stripped of it 3 years later for refusing to fight in Vietnam. At the end of the 8th round, to the growing roar of the stadium: “Beat him!” Ali knocked out his opponent and thus won. According to a preliminary agreement, the athletes equally divided the large prize amount among themselves.

On October 30, 1979, filming of the first Soviet disaster film, “Crew,” ended.
The idea for this film came to director Alexander Mitte in 1976, inspired by the Hollywood productions “The Adventures of Poseidon”, “Hell in the Sky” and “Jaws”. Nothing like this was filmed in the Soviet Union at that time. As screenwriters, Mitta invited two greats of Russian film drama, Yuli Dunsky and Valery Frid, with whom he had previously collaborated on the films “Burn, Shine, My Star” and “The Tale of How Tsar Peter Married a Blackamoor.” On June 15, 1976, the co-authors submitted an application for a script called “Margin of Safety.” But when, a year and a half later, Mitta came with the finished script to the Minister of Civil Aviation Boris Bugaev, he almost immediately declared: “There will be no disaster film! Don't you know that our civil aviation works without incident?!” But as soon as Mitta announced that the film would not be about a disaster “with us”, but about an earthquake “with them”, the minister’s heart thawed: “Then go ahead and film!” The main roles were played by Georgy Zhzhenov, Leonid Filatov, Alexandra Yakovleva, Anatoly Vasiliev... “Crew” was released in wide release in July 1980. Despite the fact that there was no widespread advertising, already on the second day there were no tickets available, and queues formed at the cinema box office. The success was stunning: the film became the leader at the box office in 1980, it was watched by 71 million 100 thousand viewers. Even now, after two and a half decades, it looks no worse than then. And it is almost not outdated: neither in terms of drama, nor even in terms of stunt filming, which are unlikely to be “matched” even by today’s Russian cinema.

On this day in 1985, the largest space crew in history of eight astronauts launched aboard the American space shuttle Challenger.

On October 30, 1990, the VID television company was founded. The VID television company owns such popular programs as “Field of Miracles”, “Muzoboz”, “Bad Notes”, “Theme”, “Vzglyad”, “Guess the Melody”, “Looking for You” and many others. One of the first programs of the television company is “Vzglyad”.

News

Surely many of you are interested in the history of the world and your country, the distant and recent past, past events, memorable dates, significant and significant successes in development and all kinds of discoveries, as well as folk signs, as we are sure that everyone would not mind finding out which of the famous and successful people born on October 30, in different years and eras.

Below you will find out how certain past and real events October 30th influenced the course of world history, or of any particular country, how the date of this day is remembered, what kind of incident, something unusual this day was remembered for, and also what is remarkable about the date of this day, who was born and died from famous people and much more. In a word, we will help you understand all this in more detail and to your benefit. You will find on this page all the answers to these topics that interest you; we have tried to put together as many materials as possible for this day of the year.

Who was born on October 30

Ivanka Marie Trump. Born October 30, 1981 in New York. American businesswoman, fashion model, writer. Daughter of the 45th US President Donald Trump.

Vladimir Leonidovich Gulyaev. Born on October 30, 1924 in Sverdlovsk - died on November 3, 1997 in Moscow. Soviet theater and film actor. Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1976).

Teddy Bear Jap. Real name - Moishe-Yakov Volfovich Vinnitsky. Born on October 30, 1891 in the village of Golta, Ananyevsky district, Kherson province (Ukraine) - executed on August 4, 1919 in Voznesensk, Kherson province. The famous Odessa raider.

Richard Brinsley Sheridan (30 October 1751 - 7 July 1816) - British poet and public figure, ethnic Irish.

Diego Armando Maradona (Spanish Diego Armando Maradona; October 30, 1960, Lanus, Buenos Aires province, Argentina) is an Argentine footballer who retired from playing as an attacking midfielder and striker.

He played for the clubs Argentinos Juniors, Boca Juniors, Barcelona, Napoli, Sevilla and Newell's Old Boys. Played 91 matches and scored 34 goals for the Argentina national team.

John Adams - 2nd President of the United States - born October 30, 1735 in Brentry (Massachusetts), died July 4, 1826. President of the United States from 1797 to 1801.

David Hahn (10/30/1976) - American teenager who built a homemade nuclear reactor;

Alexander Lazutkin (October 30, 1957 [Moscow]) - Russian cosmonaut;

Kevin Pollack (October 30, 1957 [San Francisco]) - American comedian;

Claude Lelouch (October 30, 1937 [Paris]) - French film director, screenwriter, cameraman, actor, producer;

Valentin Pechnikov (October 30, 1924 [Moscow] - November 8, 1996 [Moscow]) - Soviet actor;

Maurice Trintignant (October 30, 1917 [Saint-Cécile-le-Vigne] - February 13, 2005 [Nîmes]) - French racing driver;

Nikolai Ogarkov (October 30, 1917 - November 23, 1994) - Marshal of the Soviet Union (received the title in 1977);

Dmitry Ustinov (October 30, 1908 [Samara] - December 20, 1984 [Moscow]) - Minister of Defense of the USSR, Marshal of the Soviet Union;

Olga Pyzhova (October 30, 1894 [Moscow] - November 8, 1972) - Soviet actress;

Andrey Andreev (October 30, 1895 - December 5, 1971) - Soviet party and statesman;

Nadezhda Mandelstam (October 30, 1899 [Saratov] - December 29, 1980 [Moscow]) - wife of Osip Mandelstam;

Dickinson Richards (10/30/1895 [Orange] - 02/23/1973 [Lakeville]) - American cardiologist, awarded in 1956 Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine;

Paul Valéry (October 30, 1871 [Seth] - July 20, 1945 [Paris]) - French poet, essayist, critic;

Christopher Columbus (October 30, 1451 [Genoese Republic] - May 20, 1506 [Valladolid]) - Spanish traveler, navigator and colonialist;

Hans Kluge (October 30, 1882 [Posen] - August 18, 1944) - German military leader, Field Marshal (1940).

Dates October 30

Day of Remembrance for Victims of Political Repression

Ukraine celebrates Mechanical Engineer Day

In Slovakia - the anniversary of the adoption of the declaration of the Slovak people

According to the folk calendar, this is Hosii Kolesnik, Hosii Autumn or Hosii Gryaznik

On this day:

in 1888, a patent was issued for the invention of a ballpoint pen, in which ink from a special reservoir was distributed onto paper by special balls at the base of the reservoir

in 1907, Russian inventor Rozin received a patent for television, a method of transmitting images over a distance using electrical vibrations

In 1937, the Earth was on the verge of a collision with the large asteroid Hermes, which flew at a distance of just slightly more than two lunar orbits

in 1938, the great hoaxer and brilliant director Orson Welles subjected an unprecedented psychological attack to the minds of ordinary Americans by broadcasting his namesake novel “War of the Worlds” on the radio.

in 1953, the king of operetta Imre Kalman, who wrote the famous “Mr. X”, “Silva” and “Circus Princess”, died

in 1961, the USSR carried out the most powerful nuclear explosion in the history of mankind at the Novaya Zemlya test site - a charge with a capacity of 58 megatons was detonated

in 1967, for the first time in space, the docking of two automatic modules was carried out - the Cosmos series devices, whose docking apparatus was taken as the basis for the manufacture of Soyuz series spacecraft.

In 1998, 63 people died at a discotheque in Stockholm after a sudden fire broke out.

Events of October 30

Already at the end of the 19th century, John Loud officially patented his new invention - a mechanical pen. Next were Van Vechten Reisberg and Joseph Laszlo Biro.

People who had to write a lot with a pen and inkwell were very happy with the new devices. British Air Force pilots were the first to use ballpoint pens. An Argentine company was the first to produce pens in mass production; journalist Biro sold his patent to it for $1 million.

The invention came to the USA through a practical traveling salesman who patented it in this country and sold the patent to US companies. Thus, an unknown traveling salesman, using someone else's invention, became a millionaire simply thanks to his business acumen.

October 30, 1696 - adoption of the first law on the fleet by the Boyar Duma under the leadership of Peter I

A new milestone in overcoming Russia’s isolation in the world and European community was opened by the decree “Sea vessels should be...”. The country's isolation from political and cultural life was a great obstacle to the development of society and the state. Peter 1 set the goal of finding access to the Black and Baltic Seas.

For this, a fleet was needed. In just a few months, two ships, four fire ships and 1,300 small boats were built, which made up the Azov fleet and began the battle with the Turks for the Azov fortress.

In 1703, the construction of the Baltic Fleet began intensively, and a year later new warships entered the Neva. The first victory was won only in 1714, near the island of Gangut. Next were built Caspian flotilla and the fleet on the Black Sea.

October 30, 1653 - Tsar's decree abolishing the death penalty for caught thieves and robbers in Russia

Criminals began to be punished with a whip, or their left finger was cut off and exiled to Siberia. The death penalty remained in effect only if the crime was repeated. All criminals were released and ordered to settle in Siberia, the Lower Volga region and Ukrainian lands.

However, just 6 years later, hanging was reintroduced; after 4 years it was replaced by another punishment. Robbers and thieves began to be punished by cutting off both legs and left hands, and severed members were nailed to trees to intimidate other people.

There was practically no land defense in Sevastopol at the beginning of the war, so in July 1941 the formation of defensive lines began. By the time the enemy appeared on the approaches to the city, three lines of defense had been completed. On October 30, the enemy tried to penetrate the city, but this failed due to competent resistance on the defensive lines.

The defense of the city lasted for 250 days. Thus, German troops were unable to launch an offensive towards the Caucasus. Sevastopol received the title of Hero City, 30 thousand people received awards in the form of the medal “For the Defense of Sevastopol”.

October 30, 1905 - Nicholas II signed the Manifesto “On Improving Public Order”

The revolution of 1905, which began with a peaceful demonstration of the people, was brutally suppressed by the capital's authorities using weapons with buckshot. The destroyer "Prince Potemkin Tauride" and some of the ships located on the black sea fleet(cruiser "Ochakov" and "St. Panteleimon").

The uprising was taken up by the workers of the country - an all-Russian political strike began. In the fleet it was headed by Peter Schmidt. On October 30, 1905, the Duma was convened and a Manifesto was issued proclaiming freedom of speech, assembly and unions. It could not be regarded as a full victory of the revolution.

The result of disagreements in his assessment was the formation of two political parties- the party of democrats (liberal-monarchist bourgeoisie) and Octobrists (big bourgeoisie, (Union of October 17)).

Signs October 30 - the day of the Prophet Hosea

In the church on October 30, the memory of the prophet Hosea, who lived in the kingdom of Israel in the times that preceded the death of this state, is honored. Tradition says that Hosea fought against idolatry and tried to do everything to convert the Jews to God.

They said that Hosea's wife was a slut and cheated on him, and later left him for another man. It was after this that Hosea began to call the Israelites to faith in Christ with even greater fervor.

It must be said that Hosea is one of the 12 lesser prophets, who came from the tribe of Issachar and spoke with his prophecies 8 centuries before the birth of Christ. It was also Hosea who first began to write down prophecies, setting an example for other people.

Many of Hosea's predictions came true. Thus, he spoke about the spread of true knowledge of God throughout the world, predicted the end of the Old Testament sacrifices, the return of the baby Jesus from Egypt and a number of other significant events.

Hosea in Rus' was called the Wheelman, since on this day the closest attention was supposed to be paid to wheels. So, on October 30, they were supposed to put the carts in the sheds, having first checked how good they were. In any case, the wheels were removed from the axles until spring. At the same time, on October 30, they pulled out the sleds, expecting that a sled track would soon be established.

On this page you will learn about the memorable dates of the autumn day of October 30, what famous people were born on this October day, events that took place, we will also talk about folk signs and Orthodox holidays of this day, public holidays different countries from all over the world.

Today, as on any day, as you will see, events have taken place over the centuries, each of them was remembered for something, October 30 was no exception, which was also remembered for its own dates and birthdays of famous people, as well as holidays and folk signs. You and I should always remember and know about those who left their indelible mark on culture, science, sports, politics, medicine and all other areas of human and social development.

The thirtieth day of October has left its indelible mark on history; events and memorable dates, like those who were born on this autumn day, once again confirm this. Find out what happened on the thirtieth October day, October 30, what events and dates it was marked by, what you remember, who was born, folk signs characterizing the day and much more that you should know about, it’s just interesting to know.

Who was born on October 30 (thirtieth)

Ivanka Marie Trump. Born October 30, 1981 in New York. American businesswoman, fashion model, writer. Daughter of the 45th US President Donald Trump.

Vladimir Leonidovich Gulyaev. Born on October 30, 1924 in Sverdlovsk - died on November 3, 1997 in Moscow. Soviet theater and film actor. Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1976).

Richard Brinsley Sheridan (English Richard Brinsley Sheridan, October 30, 1751 - July 7, 1816) - British poet and public figure, ethnic Irish.