How to get to Okhotny Ryad: st. metro: Okhotny Ryad, Teatralnaya.

Okhotny Ryad Street is located in the Central Administrative District of Moscow, in the Tverskoy district. It runs from Manezhnaya to Theater Square. The name of the street was given by one of the Moscow shopping arcades, where hunters sold game and peasants sold poultry. In the old days, this area was called “Okhotny Ryad Square” or “Okhotnoryadskaya Square”, in 1933-1955. - Okhotny Ryad Square, in 1961-1990 the street was part of Karl Marx Avenue).

Actually, Okhotny Ryad itself in the 17th century was located on the site of the current building Historical Museum. Already in the middle of the 18th century, all food shopping arcades (Obzhorny, Okhotny, Kharchevoy) were moved to Neglinka, in the area of ​​the Paraskeva Pyatnitsa Church, which has not survived to this day - it was demolished in 1928. The first mention of the ancient wooden church of Paraskeva Pyatnitsa near Starye Polie is found in documents from 1406. When shopping arcades settled in this place, the name of the temple changed a little; they began to call it “behind the row of farmers.” In 1686-1687, Prince Vasily Golitsyn built a new one on the site of a wooden church, two floors high, and made it his home church. The first floor was consecrated in the name of Saint Paraskeva Friday, and the second - in the name of the Resurrection of the Lord. The building was built following the example of the Church of the Resurrection of the Lord in New Jerusalem. From the same city they also brought molds for making tiles, which were used to decorate the octagonal drums of church domes. Subsequently, the church was restored once after a fire and rebuilt once.

Next to the church, Golitsyn built a large stone palace for himself. Golitsyn's chambers appeared in Okhotny Ryad in the 1680s. It was a long building in the Moscow Baroque style, with a stone first floor and a wooden second floor. The wooden part was richly decorated with “krovki”, gilded carved details and topped with a tent. According to contemporaries, the interior decoration of the chambers could compete with the most magnificent European interiors. Subsequently, the palace changed owners several times, and in 1871 it passed to some merchant, who almost completely destroyed the entire personality of the house. The decor was partially cut down and partially covered with plaster. The gallery connecting the house with the church was broken. At the beginning of the 20th century, the once magnificent building was unrecognizable - it turned into a gloomy building in which there was a fish smokehouse and a carriage yard. In 1920, the “Old Moscow” commission proposed to establish a museum in the former chambers of Golitsyn. In 1926, the chambers and the Paraskeva Pyatnitsa Church were restored. Supervised the work famous architect Peter Baranovsky. But two years later, in 1928, the church was demolished. The chambers stood until 1934, and then, in connection with the implementation of the Moscow reconstruction plan, the building was demolished. Even the intercession of academician Igor Grabar, who was against building up the street with high-rise buildings, did not help.

But let's return to the history of the street. Almost all the wooden buildings of the grocery shopping arcades burned down during the fire of the 1812th century. They did not restore them, but instead built stone one-story retail premises with poultry slaughterhouses in place of the shops. In the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, Okhotny Ryad experienced its heyday, and its abundance became a symbol of hospitable and satisfying Moscow. At the same time, the inhabitants of Okhotny Ryad gained notoriety - due to repeated attacks on Jews and intellectuals, they were considered pogromists and reactionaries. For example, in April 1878, a demonstration of revolutionary-minded students took place in Moscow. Trying to suppress the demonstration without their participation, the police set the Okhotnyads on them, who beat the students with sticks and hooks.

In 1883, a cast-iron chapel in the name of St. Alexander Nevsky was erected on Okhotny Ryad Square in memory of those who died in Russian-Turkish war 1877-1878. This chapel was demolished in 1922, and it became the first temple to be destroyed Soviet power during the fight against religion. Around this time, the shops of Okhotny Ryad began to be demolished, and trade was transferred to Tsvetnoy Boulevard, where the Central Market later appeared. On the site of the demolished Paraskeva Pyatnitsa Church and the Golitsyn Chambers, today there is a complex of buildings of the State Duma of the Russian Federation.

After the Moscow Hotel was built in 1935, and then the building of the Council of People's Commissars, Okhotnoryadskaya Square was renamed Okhotny Ryad Street. It was under it that the first metro line in the USSR passed.

When huge shopping centers replaced Soviet department stores, it was obvious that they would fill the gap between expensive boutiques and Asian markets with cheap consumer goods. To find out what role they play in urban infrastructure today and how they differ from each other, The Village continues the series about the main malls of Moscow. In the fifth issue - the Okhotny Ryad shopping center on Manezhnaya Square.

YEAR OF OPENING

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Okhotny Ryad is far from the largest shopping center in Moscow, but perhaps one of the most visited. This is largely due to its favorable location - a stone's throw from Red Square and between three metro stations. Tourists who come to look at the Kremlin at some point get tired of the sights and excessive luxury of GUM and find themselves in a store where they find familiar European brands.

It also plays a role that Okhotny Ryad, built in 1997, became one of the first shopping centers of a new type. It was here that many Western brands appeared, which previously could only be bought on a business trip abroad.

Despite a fairly standard selection of shops, a modest food court and the absence of a large cinema, crowds of people still flock to Okhotny Ryad, while the nearby Fashion Season is often empty.

Story

The location for the construction of the shopping center was chosen by the Moscow Government, which planned that a large shopping center would attract tourists and help Muscovites come to terms with the new look of Manezhnaya Square, which in the early 90s was the main venue for rallies.

The competition for the square reconstruction project was won by the architectural studio of B. Ulkin, whose concept “ underground city"and was used in the construction of a shopping center. Dmitry Lukaev was appointed as the leading architect, and Zurab Tsereteli was responsible for the design project.

Despite the fact that most architects and art historians agreed that the shopping center forever destroyed the integral image of Manezhnaya Square, in 1997 Okhotny Ryad became the winner international competition MIPIM Awards.

Device

The selection of brands presented in Okhotny Ryad is not much different from any other shopping center in Moscow. Except that many of them first appeared here.

So, for a long time there was the largest Topshop, where collaboration collections with Kate Moss and premium lines of the brand were brought. The first store of another British mass market in Moscow opened here - Miss Selfridge.

The shopping center continues to introduce new products to the Russian market: last winter a monobrand of a Californian shoe brand opened in Okhotny Ryad. Vans, and six months before that - a corner of Polish cosmetics Inglot, in terms of the number of colors and shades of products that can compete with M.A.C.

The shopping center is mainly designed for the middle segment and tourists. On the ground floor there is a food court with traditional sandwiches, donuts, pancakes and hot dogs; Besides this, there is no clear division into zones - on each of the three floors there will be perfumes, underwear and clothing of the mass market giant Inditex. From any level you can get to the street - to Manezhnaya Square and the Alexander Garden.

1. Zara Dress 2. Pull & Bear Boots 3. Zara Coat 4. Vans Sneakers 5. The Body Shop Shampoo 6 Pull & Bear Hoodie 7. M·A·C Lipstick

The most budget brands are collected on the ground floor - Pull & Bear, Stradivarius, New Yorker, shops with inexpensive accessories and jewelry, as well as a food court and a 5D cinema.

Sports shops are located on the second floor Nike And Vans, cosmetic corners M·A·C , The Body Shop, Victoria's Secret, Zara and another dozen and a half popular brands. On this floor there is also an entrance to the metro and "Seventh Continent".

Huge "Rive Gauche", AccessorizeRiver Island and a small part of the food court consisting of "Sbarro" And McDonald's with terraces on the street and views of the Alexander Garden.

Food court

Compared to other shopping centers in Moscow, Okhotny Ryad has a very small selection of quite expected cafes and restaurants, and the queues in McDonald's there are legends. There is KFC, Subway, Burger King And "Little Potato", which mainly attracts foreigners. Finding a free table will not be easy: half of them are occupied by noisy groups of tourists discussing their future route. You can go to a cafe: there the chance to eat without haste is much higher, and "Sbarro" And "Sushi Planets" there is even a summer terrace overlooking the Alexander Garden.

Services

The shopping center's modest range of services is limited to a clothing repair shop and a manicure salon. In addition, there is a grocery store on the middle level "Seventh Continent" and express braiding studio "Voila".

Okhotny Ryad is the central street of Moscow, which stretches from Manezhnaya Square to Teatralnaya Square, parallel to Georgievsky Lane and Nikolskaya Street.

Archival documents indicate that Okhotny Ryad Street appeared in the 17th century, when trade in wild and poultry was carried out here. Actually, this is where the name “Okhotny Ryad” came from. At that time, the trade pavilions of Okhotny Ryad were located on the site where the building of the Historical Museum is now located. Despite the fact that food trade from Okhotny Ryad was moved to other areas of Moscow, the name stuck. True, in 1961 Okhotny Ryad Street, Mokhovaya Street and Teatralny Proezd were united and renamed Marx Avenue. But already in 1990 the street was returned to its original name - Okhotny Ryad.

In 1935, the first metro line in the Soviet Union was laid along the street and the Okhotny Ryad metro station was opened. This happened immediately after the completion of the construction of the Moscow Hotel and the building of the Council of People's Commissars and Education.

The Okhotny Ryad metro station is the closest to Red Square, so you can immediately visit two attractions of the capital.

Okhotny Ryad today

Okhotny Ryad is a street with which Moscow is associated. The cult film “Moscow Doesn’t Believe in Tears” was filmed here. Here is the world-famous National Hotel, where show business stars and privileged people stay. The street is also famous for the huge Okhotny Ryad shopping center, where goods from popular brands are presented.

Not visiting Okhotny Ryad Street means not visiting Moscow. After all, it is from here that the tour of Red Square begins; from here you can go to the Kremlin and Eternal Flame, where the daily ceremony takes place - the changing of the guard.

Okhotny Ryad Photos

Under the square there is an underground shopping center Okhotny Ryad. Its glass dome rises on the square, crowned with the symbol of Moscow - St. George the Victorious, trampling the serpent.

View from Okhotny Ryad to Manezhnaya Square and Alexander Garden

View of the State Duma and the Lenin Museum.

Monument to the great commander G.K. Zhukov.

The building is located on Okhotny Ryad Street, building 6. It was built in 1934-1938 according to the design of the architect A. Ya. Langman. Previously, it housed the USSR State Planning Committee.

Many people associate the words Okhotny Ryad with the building of the State Duma of Russia. This building housed the Council of Labor and Defense, then the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the State Planning Committee of the USSR, and finally, State Duma Russia. The building has a characteristic imperial style - heavy columns and wide halls.

The Okhotny Ryad Shopping Center is located. It is located on three underground floors under Manezhnaya Square. The easiest way to enter it is from the metro station of the same name, as well as from the Alexander Garden from the Manege.

Okhotny Ryad shopping center - history

The history of the creation of the Okhotny Ryad complex began in 1995, when Manezhnaya Square OJSC, which owns it, was founded. Construction of the underground complex was completed in 1997. The design was carried out by the Moscow institutes Mosinzhproekt and Mosproekt. The very idea of ​​redevelopment of underground space in the very center of the city, oversaturated with engineering communications, can be called bold. Nearby are Red Square, the Moscow Kremlin, and three metro lines underground. In order not to cause damage to the historical monuments of the center of Moscow, a thorough examination of the strength and stability of already constructed buildings, as well as underground structures and communications, was carried out. The design of the new underground complex was carried out using new modern technologies. All decisions on its construction were made only based on the results of the research. The stages of construction were determined so as not to disrupt the movement of ground transport in the central part of the city. Thanks to the original technology, the builders were able to remove all utilities from the construction zone without disrupting the life support of the buildings. In 1997, the Okhotny Ryad Shopping Center, which was built, became a laureate of the international competition MIPIM AWARDS.

Shopping center Okhotny Ryad – modernity

During the construction of the Okhotny Ryad Shopping Center, many articles appeared about the harm that underground construction could cause to historical buildings. Scientists from the Russian Academy of Sciences, commissioned by the Moscow government, conducted a study of soils under the city. They concluded that underground construction in Moscow is safe. This was also shown by monitoring the condition of buildings located next to the construction: there is no subsidence of the Duma, National and other structures. In modern times, Okhotny Ryad is a developing complex. Here you can chat with friends in cozy cafes and pass the time before an appointment. It is interesting to ride in the glass panoramic elevators.

Among Moscow retail outlets, it is one of the oldest. The main owner of the shares is the Dekra group, which bought shares of the Manezhnaya Ploshchad company from the Moscow government and other owners.

Okhotny Ryad shopping center – shops

There are more than 100 retail outlets of various brands on three levels with a total area of ​​62,711 sq.m. The area of ​​the complex is 29,400 sq.m. Getting there is very convenient, since the metro will take you right to the entrance. It is not always worth going by car, as there are often no parking spaces. Some visitors come here with the goal of buying a specific thing, others - to look at something. The decoration of the upper level of the complex is made in the style of the 19th century. And it was planned as the most expensive floor. Initially, it was really filled with retail outlets with such high prices that there were few people here. But gradually the difference between the levels disappeared. Nowadays they sell both very expensive items and those that are popular among the people, such as Mango and Guess. On top level There are also popular McDonald's and Planet Sushi.

Going down to intermediate level, with more affordable prices, you can find yourself something interesting in clothing. There are many boutiques for young people, including sports ones. In addition to them, the Seventh Continent supermarket and the Finservice bank are located here.

The lower level is especially attractive for denim lovers. For a relatively low price you can find an original item here.

Most of the 25 restaurants, cafes and bars are also located on the lower level, in its 700-meter zone. Here you will be offered a variety of dishes to suit every taste and cuisine.

For visitors to the shops of the Okhotny Ryad Shopping Center there is ground and four-tier underground parking with entry from the Moscow Hotel.

Today I want to tell you about the history of Manezhnaya Square in Moscow. The name “Manezhnaya Square” appeared only in 1937 (after the Manege building) after the demolition of the blocks of commercial buildings that stood on this site, separated by two lanes - Loskutny and Obzhorny. Built in 1817, the Manege was densely built up until the 30s of the 20th century. Between the eastern facade and the Alexander Garden there was a street called Neglinnaya after the Neglinka River, which was enclosed in a pipe in 1819. In the 30s of the last century, the square changed beyond recognition.

By the way, the historical museum was built not so long ago. Here is a shot from 1875, when they had just finished building the foundation.

1896 Hotel "Paris" during the coronation of Nicholas II. Now the National stands on the site of Paris.

Same year. Now nothing of what was captured in this photograph has survived. The State Duma now stands on the site of the four-story building on the left.

Another angle from the roof of the Historical Museum. The square was called Voskresenskaya.

Nicholas II approaches the Iversky Gate - this is what the current Manezhnaya Square and the beginning of Tverskaya Square looked like

But the angle is in the other direction. Everything is unchanged here.

Construction of the National began in 1901. In 1903 it opened

View from the Historical Museum. On the right is the Bolshaya Moskovskaya Hotel (later the Grand Hotel, even later the Moscow Hotel), on the left is the building on the corner of Loskutny Lane, and in the distance (across the block) is the National Hotel. Of this species, only the national one will survive. Moscow will appear on the right, and the Okhotny Ryad shopping center will appear on the left.

View in the other direction. From this shot, only the Bolshoi Theater survived (the roof is visible in the distance). The site of the church is now the State Duma building. In place of the shopping arcades is the Moscow Hotel.

View of Okhotny Ryad from the windows of the National. Now on the site of the shopping arcade is the Moscow Hotel.

In 1928, the Church of Paraskeva Pyatnitsa in Okhotny Ryad will be demolished

1913 Neglinnaya street. Now here is Tsereteli's menagerie and Okhotny Ryad catering establishment. The houses were demolished. Notebook Chekhov: "Table hangings: Neglinnaya, opposite the Alexander Garden, Vasily Osipovich Krasavin." On Neglinnaya Street, in Komissarov’s house, there was a store “V. O. Krasavin and his brothers” for the trade of various metal products and plumbing supplies.

Auditorium building of Moscow University on Mokhovaya

1927 The beginning of Tverskaya Street is being paved. Now there is a square. The block was demolished in the 30s.

1927 A new Khleboproduct building is appearing on Tverskaya Street

In 1931, the square in front of the southern facade of the Manege, facing the Trinity Gate of the Kremlin, was named Manezhnaya Square. In 1932, demolition of buildings along Loskutny Lane and the eastern side of Mokhovaya Street began. All buildings were demolished by 1934. This was caused by the construction of the first line of the Moscow Metro. On the site of the block, two tunnels were built for the service connecting branch between the current Sokolnicheskaya and Filyovskaya lines (until 1938, the main tracks of the unified Kirov line). One of these tunnels was dismantled in the mid-90s during the construction of the Okhotny Ryad shopping complex, the second is still in operation.

The building of the Labor and Defense Council is under construction. State Duma now.

1933
The Moscow Hotel is still under construction, the trolleybus is already running, the Grand Hotel is still completely intact.

And here is this place a year later! Pay attention to how Moscow is being built. The main facade is almost ready, but there is nothing else.

View of the hotel at the "turning point" moment. The issue of reworking the facades in the south tower project was decided at the highest level. “The young architects O. Stapran and L. Savelyev (authors of the building) were appointed as consultants by the authoritative academician of architecture Shchusev. He behaved unsightly, having done nothing except remodel the upper window openings from square to semi-circular.

"...But the most obvious drawback was considered to be the heterogeneity of the facades, and especially the two corner towers of the hotel. The most famous legend of the Moscow Hotel is associated with them. According to it, everything was decided by the signature of Stalin, who either signed two versions of the projects, or put the signature is in the center of the project, and the architects were afraid to ask him again and explain anything. So they built a facade with different sidewalls.

But this is just a legend. Everything was different in life. Between the architects Savelyev, Stapran and Shchusev there were very tense relations, to say the least. The youth and desire for creativity of two adherents of constructivism collided with the maturity and somewhat formal attitude to work (due to overload with other projects) of an admirer of the classical architectural heritage. How it happened that prominent architects were unable to solve the most important building of the city in one style, one can only wonder . It is even more surprising that this had no consequences for the builders at that terrible time (1937-1938).

At the beginning of 1938, Shchusev was appointed chief architect of the building, and Savelyev and Stapran were arrested... following a denunciation.
Shchusev tried to remake the almost finished tower in accordance with his taste, but he was not completely successful. The tower turned out to be different from the other, which gave rise to many legends. By the way, only Shchusev was listed as the author of the tower in the documents: you can’t list “enemies of the people” as co-authors. And so the legend was established that the author of “Moscow” was Shchusev. (The new building will have the same main façade and towers, which will deprive Moscow of some mystery and reminder of the history of the three architects.)" From the memoirs of the hotel builder, Mikhail Arutchev. 1987

By 1935, only a small block immediately adjacent to the newly built Moscow Hotel remained undeveloped. The future Manezhnaya Square was finally cleared by 1938.

1933 The block on the square has not yet been completely demolished. The Moscow Hotel is being built behind it.

The Resurrection (Iverskie) Gate was finally demolished in 1931

In 1935, cars were allowed into Red Square.

By the end of the 30s, the square took on a familiar appearance.

After all the demolition and alterations, Tverskaya Street is being completed.

Immediately after its creation, the square did not yet have a name; in the press it was called either Novomanezhnaya to distinguish it from the former Manezhnaya Square, called Staromanezhnaya, or Universitetskaya. However, these names did not take root; by the time the square was finalized, it received the name Manezhnaya.

During the war, planar imitation with repainting of roofs and open facades of buildings is used to camouflage the Kremlin and surrounding areas.

After the air raid warning clears, people leave the Sverdlov Square metro station and wait for transport at the Moscow Hotel.

May 9, 1945 Victory Day. Performance of the Great State Symphony Orchestra on Manezhnaya Square.

1954 Celebrating the 300th anniversary of the reunification of Ukraine with Russia on Manezhnaya Square in Moscow

1959 Lively traffic can be seen in the square.

In 1959, there was through traffic not only between the Moscow Hotel and the Lenin Museum, but also along Red Square

Corner of Gorky Street (current Tverskaya Street) and Marx Avenue (current Okhotny Ryad Street).
Scan of a photograph from the reference book “Moscow in New Borders” of 1962. Then there was an ordinary big intersection. and trees ;)

There was also movement diagonally across the entire square.

In the photo in the center you can see the foundation stone of the monument in honor of the 50th anniversary October Revolution. It was erected just in 1967, when Manezhnaya Square was renamed. 50th anniversary of October. The monument was never built, and the stone stood until the reconstruction of Manezhka.