Russian-Esperanto online translator and dictionary. Esperanto Russian dictionary online Esperanto dictionary online

One of important elements learning any language is a dictionary, there are enough of them: general dictionaries, dictionaries for various fields, Russian-Esperanto and Esperanto-Russian, explanatory dictionaries, translators.

Russian-Esperanto dictionaries

DOC (124 KB)"> Chemical Russian-Esperanto dictionary- The dictionary serves as a guide for translating scientific and technical terms in chemistry from Russian into Esperanto; it contains about 3800 terms.
DOC (33.1 KB)"> Translation of Russian prepositions into Esperanto- Will be useful for both beginners and advanced Esperantists.
HTML (4.6 KB)"> Animal Dictionary- Contains more than 350 animal names.
HTML (4 KB)"> Plant Dictionary- Contains about 300 plant names.

Esperanto-Russian dictionaries

DOC (88.3 KB)"> Esperanto-Russian thematic dictionary- This dictionary is intended for semantic search and compilation of thematic selections of words in the Esperanto language; it is easy to search for synonyms and antonyms, as well as words related in meaning and subordination. It is recommended for teachers of the Esperanto language, as well as for people who have already taken their first steps in mastering this language.
DOC (22.1 KB)"> Esperanto-Russian educational dictionary- A good dictionary with Russian associations for many words for better memorization. There are about 1000 roots in the dictionary.
RTF (148.9 KB)"> Esperanto-Russian dictionary- Contains approximately 26,000 words.

Dictionaries

HTML (82.8 KB)"> Hejma vortaro- Tiu ĉi vortareto celas helpi tiujn parolantojn de Esperanto, kiuj uzas la lingvon hejme kiel ĉiutagan komunikilon. Ordinaraj vortaroj ja ne ĉiam utilas, kiam oni serĉas nomon por iu enhejma aĵo aŭ ago.
DOC (9.5 KB)"> Tabuaj vortoj en Esperanto- Vortaro kun ekzemploj pri praktika uzado. Authors: Hektor Alos, Kiril Velkov

Other

TXT (3.77 KB)"> English-Esperanto Dictionary of Computer Terms- Contains about 100 terms.

Translators

EXE (61.3 KB)"> Esperanto-Russian translator- Program Sublinio is intended to create a “sort of interlinear” text for Esperanto text. It was written in order to get rid of the tedious need to constantly leaf through the dictionary when translating texts.

Boris Kondratyev

BIG ESPERANTO-RUSSIAN DICTIONARY

The Esperanto-Russian dictionary we bring to your attention is the result of fifteen years of work and is intended for those who want to master international language Esperanto in a fairly complete volume. It may also be of some interest to Esperantologists and philologists interested in interlinguistics. In fact, this work is the first attempt in our country to create a truly large dictionary, which could serve as a basis for the subsequent compilation of even more complete and advanced dictionaries.

The need for large modern Esperanto-Russian and Russian-Esperanto dictionaries arose thirty years ago. Having become outdated and incredibly politicized, but still the most complete and perfect Russian-Esperanto dictionary by I. Izgur and V. Kolchinsky with 27,850 words, published in 1931, it became an absolute rarity: all its copies could already be counted on one’s fingers. The Russian-Esperanto dictionary, published in 1966, edited by E. A. Bokarev, was compiled by a very motley team, reflected the state of the language in the thirties, did not contain many necessary words (for example, it did not even have such a word as “rainbow”), sinned with a considerable number of inaccuracies and even mistakes. The situation with the Esperanto-Russian dictionary was even worse. Soviet Esperantists were forced to use mainly the relatively small and inaccessible dictionaries of A. A. Sakharov and V. G. Sutkov, published in the late twenties and early thirties. Therefore, the appearance in 1974 of the Esperanto-Russian dictionary by E. A. Bokarev was a huge step forward and significantly facilitated the spread of Esperanto in our country. It is impossible not to note that the publication of the Russian-Esperanto and Esperanto-Russian dictionaries by E. A. Bokarev in the USSR at that time and under that language policy can generally be regarded as a miracle. The new Esperanto-Russian dictionary has become extremely popular among our Esperantists. True, it was only average in length (26 thousand words - in our opinion, not enough), did not contain the required number of examples and was also based on very outdated sources, primarily on the Plena Vortaro de Esperanto published abroad in 1933, i.e. e. was morally obsolete already at birth. However, in general, the “Bokarevsky” dictionary was high quality and was practically not inferior to similar foreign-Russian dictionaries of the same volume. And most importantly, the long-awaited dictionary could serve as excellent material for further lexicographical work, which should begin immediately.

Unfortunately, this did not happen. Soviet Esperantists considered the achieved level to be quite sufficient and preferred to start producing pocket dictionaries. The method was extremely simple: the same Bokarev dictionary was taken, from several hundred to two thousand words were selected from it according to the frequency principle, and a “new” mini- or microdictionary was compiled from them. This was usually explained by the extreme poverty of our Esperanto movement, the impossibility of publishing large dictionaries and the general uselessness of such for beginning Esperantists. Perhaps this reflected the gross principle of economics that was dominant at that time throughout our society, in which quantity, rather than quality, was put at the forefront. As it turned out, this position was a strategic mistake. There is no doubt that all kinds of dictionaries are needed: small, medium, and large. But it is the big ones that determine what is called linguistic culture, it is they who reflect the level of development of the language, are its “ business card" Without them, full-fledged literature can hardly exist. Big dictionary universal: it allows you to translate any texts - from the simplest to the most complex. Moreover, on its basis you can always compile a pocket dictionary. But creating a comprehensive dictionary, even with an average one, requires a lot of time and effort. There is one more nuance that is unique to Esperanto. When learning and using other languages, the most in demand are medium-sized dictionaries: pocket dictionaries, due to their primitiveness, do not provide effective language proficiency, and students most often do not grow up to large dictionaries due to their extreme complexity national languages. For Esperanto, either very small pocket dictionaries are relevant (at the very first stage of learning), or very large and detailed ones (at the stage of improvement); With diligent study of Esperanto, the level provided by an average vocabulary is surpassed quite quickly.

Failure to understand these points has cost our Esperanto movement dearly. When communicating with foreign Esperantists, the author of these lines has repeatedly had to state that their level of linguistic culture is in most cases higher than ours.

The statements of outsiders about the supposed poverty of Esperanto can, perhaps, be accepted, but with an important caveat: indeed, the majority of Russian Esperantists speak impoverished, primitive Esperanto and use only a small part expressive means this very flexible and rich language. There are several reasons for this, but one of the main, if not the most important, lies in the lack of large Esperanto-Russian and Russian-Esperanto dictionaries.

Even if such dictionaries could not be published before, they still had to be compiled. After all, many writers in those ever-memorable years worked, as they say, on the table.

All these thoughts began to occur to the author during his work as a translator at a session held in St. Petersburg in 1992 International Academy Sciences (Akademio Internacia de la Sciencoj). As is known, at the visiting sessions of the MAN as official language, along with the language of the host country, Esperanto is used. It was necessary to translate not only oral speech, but also a number of serious articles on higher mathematics, astrophysics, meteorology and architecture. It is not difficult to guess what difficulties arose due to the lack of special dictionaries. Almost at the same time, we had to edit literary translations into Esperanto made by St. Petersburg Esperantists. And this made it possible to feel the obvious insufficiency of the Russian-Esperanto and Esperanto-Russian dictionaries at our disposal for carrying out high-quality translation. The first reaction was to find out what work was being done to create new dictionaries in our country. The answers received from a number of competent Esperantists were not encouraging: an attempt was made to create an Esperanto-Russian polytechnic dictionary, but the matter was limited to entering several dozen terms into the card index; one Esperantist collected very rich material for a Russian-Esperant dictionary, but the fate of the manuscript is unknown; No one has even started compiling a large Esperanto-Russian dictionary. Even such a half-measure as a new edition of E. A. Bokarev’s dictionary was in the distant future. In such a catastrophic situation, there was nothing left but to utter the phrase: “Who, if not me, and when, if not now?”

At that time we did not yet realize what a burden we had taken upon ourselves. Moreover, we did not have any knowledge in the field of lexicography, and there was no one to consult with. (There were practically no manuals on lexicography either; the first textbook devoted to this topic became available only in 2004.) Therefore, we borrowed some ways of presenting the material, and not always the most successful ones, from the Esperanto-Russian dictionary of E. A. Bokarev. But for the most part we had to invent them as we went along. And our own decisions were not always the best either. So an experienced lexicographer will find a lot of shortcomings in this regard in our dictionary.

At first, we set ourselves the goal only of improving E. A. Bokarev’s dictionary: supplementing it with new words and examples, eliminating some inaccuracies, i.e., doing what was done with the second edition of this dictionary, published in 2002. However While working on the first letters, we came to the conclusion that this direction was completely futile and that it was necessary to create a fundamentally new dictionary. Unfortunately, this task was not clearly defined right away, which could not but affect the quality of our work. A clearly defined goal finally made it possible to formulate the following requirements for the future dictionary.

Firstly, the dictionary should include as much commonly used vocabulary as possible, since we do not yet have large dictionaries, and the PIV published abroad is incomprehensible without translation and is inaccessible to the vast majority of our Esperantists.

Secondly, the volume of terminological vocabulary should also, if possible, be maximum, in order to at least to some extent compensate for the complete lack of special dictionaries among Russian-speaking Esperantists. Moreover, it is on the basis of a solid database, including a wide variety of vocabulary, that such dictionaries could then be created. Our position on this issue is also due to the fact that an incredible number of terms and highly specialized words are beginning to penetrate or have already penetrated into everyday speech.

Welcome to the Esperanto-Russian dictionary. Please write the word or phrase you want to check in the text box on the left.

Recent Changes

Glosbe is home to thousands of dictionaries. We offer not only an Esperanto-Russian dictionary, but also dictionaries for all existing pairs of languages - online and free. Visit our website home page to choose from available languages.

Translation Memory

Glosbe dictionaries are unique. On Glosbe you can see not only translations into Esperanto or Russian: we provide usage examples, showing dozens of examples of translated sentences containing translated phrases. This is called "translation memory" and is very useful for translators. You can see not only the translation of a word, but also how it behaves in a sentence. Our memory of translations come mainly from parallel corpora that were made by people. This kind of sentence translation is a very useful addition to dictionaries.

Statistics

We currently have 77,815 translated phrases. We currently have 5,729,350 sentence translations

Cooperation

Help us create the largest Esperanto - Russian dictionary online. Just login and add new translation. Glosbe is a joint project and everyone can add (or delete) translations. This makes our Esperanto Russian dictionary real, since it is created by native speakers of languages that use the language every day. You can also be sure that any dictionary error will be corrected quickly, so you can rely on our data. If you find a bug or you are able to add new data, please do so. Thousands of people will be grateful for this.

You should know that Glosbe is not filled with words, but with ideas about what those words mean. Thanks to this, by adding one new translation, dozens of new translations are created! Help us develop Glosbe dictionaries and you will see how your knowledge helps people around the world.

The Esperanto language was introduced in 1887 by the Polish oculist of Jewish origin Lazar Zamenhof, and the first textbook of the language was published in the same year. The doctor spent 10 years developing Esperanto. Esperanto translates as “hoping” and is the author’s pseudonym. The advantage of all artificial languages is their ease of learning, basic grammar and the absence of exceptions. Such languages do not belong to a specific nation or state, which is also very important.

In the world, according to various estimates, there are from 100 thousand to 10 million Esperantists - people who speak Esperanto. According to the author, Esperanto was supposed to become universal language. Zamenhof hoped that contacts between people around the world would reach a qualitatively new level. Another positive effect of Esperanto is that a person who has studied it can master other languages much more easily.

Composition of Esperanto

Lexically, Esperanto consists of Romance roots, as well as words that have become commonly used in many languages. Borrowed words are phonologically adapted, and their spelling does not change when written.

From, for example, the stems of verbs with some sound changes are taken: iri - to go, marŝi - to walk, kuri - to run, promeni - to stroll. lexically represented very modestly, since at the time of the creation of Esperanto it had not yet been recognized internationally. More recently, Esperanto has been supplemented by anglicisms that have become international: bajto - byte, blogo - blog, manaĝero - manager.

He introduced the words nur - only, danko - gratitude, morgaŭ - tomorrow, tago - day, etc. The words barakti - flounder, klopodi - bother, kartavi - burr, krom - except, etc. were borrowed from Slavic languages.

New concepts in Esperanto are reflected in newly created words that are formed from existing ones. Example: browser - retumilo, krozilo, internet - interreto.

Grammar

The basis of Esperanto grammar is 16 rules, the basis of writing is phonemic alphabet, that is, what was written coincides with what was heard.
Each part of speech in Esperanto has its own ending: nouns - “o”, adjectives - “a”, verbs - “i”, adverbs - “e”.
Verbs in Esperanto have a tense category and a conditional and imperative mood.
There are only two cases in Esperanto - nominative and accusative. The rest of the actions are conveyed by prepositions.
The singular in Esperanto has no ending, the plural has the ending -j: infano - child, infanoj - children.
There is no gender category in Esperanto. Gender is replaced by pronouns: he - li, she - ŝi, it - ĝi.

The creator of Esperanto spoke fluently several languages, including Russian. Literary style was laid down in the presentation of the works of N.V. Gogol, A.S. Pushkin and others.
There are no phonemes in Esperanto that are not present in Russian or Polish languages. The alphabet resembles Slavic with Latin writing.
Standard level Esperanto can be learned in just 150 hours. For comparison, studying at the same level German language 2,000 hours are required, English - 1,500 hours,

Welcome to the Russian-Esperanto dictionary. Please write the word or phrase you want to check in the text box on the left.

Recent Changes

Glosbe is home to thousands of dictionaries. We offer not only a Russian-Esperanto dictionary, but also dictionaries for all existing pairs of languages - online and free. Visit our website home page to choose from available languages.

Translation Memory

Glosbe dictionaries are unique. On Glosbe you can see not only translations into Russian or Esperanto: we provide usage examples, showing dozens of examples of translated sentences containing translated phrases. This is called "translation memory" and is very useful for translators. You can see not only the translation of a word, but also how it behaves in a sentence. Our memory of translations come mainly from parallel corpora that were made by people. This kind of sentence translation is a very useful addition to dictionaries.

Statistics

We currently have 80,378 translated phrases. We currently have 5,729,350 sentence translations

Cooperation

Help us in creating the largest Russian - Esperanto dictionary online. Just log in and add a new translation. Glosbe is a joint project and everyone can add (or delete) translations. This makes our Russian Esperanto dictionary real, since it is created by native speakers of languages that use the language every day. You can also be sure that any dictionary error will be corrected quickly, so you can rely on our data. If you find a bug or you are able to add new data, please do so. Thousands of people will be grateful for this.